Secondary traumatic stress has been documented in the spouses of veterans with PTSD from Vietnam. And the spouses of Israeli veterans with PTSD, and Dutch veterans with PTSD–

– This section a Factual Claim it states that the family’s of solders with PTSD from all three countries have been shown to have secondary stress symptoms claiming there is proof of this phenomenon having a direct correlation to soldiers coming back with PTSD

In one study, the incidence of secondary trauma in wives of Croatian war vets with PTSD was 30 percent. In another study there, it was 39 percent.

– This sentence is a combination of a Numerical claim and a Attributive claim. The 30 and 39th percentile margin are used to show the occurrence rate of secondary trauma of wives with husbands that have PSTD. It is Attributive in its language ” in one study” citing a source that provided information that the author did not come up with themselves

 “Trauma is really not something that  happens to an individual,” says Robert Motta, a clinical psychologist and psychology professor at Hofstra University who wrote a few of the many medical-journal articles about secondary trauma in Vietnam vets’ families. “Trauma is a contagious disease; it affects everyone that has close contact with a traumatized person” in some form or another, to varying degrees and for different lengths of time. “Everyone” includes children. Which is something Brannan and Caleb lose not a little sleep over, since they’ve got a six-year-old in the house.

– This section is a big Attributive, Evaluative and Definition claim. The author attributes the quote to Robert Motta as this claim about trauma is not their own you can also find it in the language ” says”. MS Motta is making a evaluative claim and a definition claim when talking about the nature of trauma when they say ” Trauma is a contagious disease” they are defining trauma as such and when saying “it affects everyone that has close contact with a traumatized person” she is evaluating the effect of trauma

“It says here,” Brannan says, her eyes narrowing incredulously, “that you spit on somebody today.”“Yes ma’am,” Katie admits, lowering her voice and her eyes guiltily. “Katie Vines.” Brannan was born here in Alabama, so that’s drawled. “Wah did you do that?”

– This is another factual claim it is a fact that katie had spit on someone

Her schoolmate said something mean. Maybe. Katie doesn’t sound sure, or like she remembers exactly. One thing she’s positive of: “She just made me…so. MAD.” Brannan asks Katie to name some of the alternatives. “Walk away, get the teacher, yes ma’am, no ma’am,” Katie dutifully responds to the prompts. She looks disappointed in herself. Her eyebrows are heavily creased when she shakes her head and says quietly again, “I was so mad.”

– Theres a small attributive claim in the beginning with the schoolmate ” said”. When Katie talks about being mad mad she is making a casual claim of her state of being at the time and when Brannan asks Katie for alternatives for her behavior she made a recommendation claim when shes ” asks”.