Annotated Bibliography

Aquino, S. D., & Lins, S. (2023, July 18). The personality puzzle: A comprehensive    analysis of its impact on three buying behaviors. Frontiers. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1179257/full&nbsp

Background: This study examined how personality traits influence impulsive, compulsive, and panic buying behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found that all three buying behaviors were positively correlated, with neuroticism being linked to all of them, while conscientiousness was negatively associated with impulsive and compulsive buying. Openness to experience was positively related to impulsive buying, and agreeableness was associated with panic buying. The research highlights the role of personality in understanding and potentially mitigating excessive buying behaviors, especially during times of crisis like the pandemic.

How I used it: I used this source to further comment on how personal lives can be damaged from compulsive buying. I also used the article to explore how certain personality traits predict cognitive buying behaviors. Specifically, to explain the links between impulsive and compulsive buying behaviors and specific traits. Such as  impulsive buying as a behavior being strongly influenced by neuroticism. Additionally, to explain that compulsive buying, leads to harm or distress, and can be predicted by a combination of neuroticism, openness, and agreeableness.

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Brook, J. S., Zhang, C., Brook, D. W., & Leukefeld, C. G. (2015). Compulsive buying: Earlier illicit drug use, impulse buying, depression, and adult ADHD symptoms. Psychiatry Research, 228(3), 312–317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.09

Background: This study investigated the psychosocial factors influencing compulsive buying (CB) in adulthood, focusing on variables such as illicit drug use, impulse buying, ADHD symptoms, and depressive mood over a 29-year period. The results showed that earlier impulse buying tendencies, depressive mood, illicit drug use, and concurrent ADHD symptoms were all significantly associated with CB. These findings suggest that CB in adulthood is influenced by early psychosocial factors, including substance use and emotional disorders, as well as family dynamics. The study emphasizes the importance of considering these factors in clinical treatment for CB, highlighting the role of early interventions targeting impulse control, mental health, and family relationships.

How I used it: I used this source to further explain what compulsive buying disorder was. Furthermore, this article was used to demonstrate the disastrous effects that compulsive buying disorder can bring to those who suffer with it.

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Bryn, A., S, & Michael, R. (2001). Consumerism: its impact on the health of adolescents. Adolescent Medicine, 12(3), 389-. Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/docview/215205605?parentSessionId=8XLlS7hDR5UjGr1dxrFR0B9Vqy1Dk42wZYfsiUcNnbI%3D&pq-origsite=primo&sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals

Background: This article examined the role of youth-targeted marketing in shaping adolescent health risk behaviors, highlighting how corporations view adolescents as a lucrative market. Adolescents’ increased spending power, now estimated at $155 billion annually, makes them a key focus for marketers who use various media and in-school strategies to influence their purchasing decisions. The article discussed how products like tobacco, alcohol, cosmetic surgery, laxatives, and diet pills are marketed to young people, often leading to harmful health consequences. 

How I used it:  I used the article to emphasize how media has become a powerful tool for corporations to drive consumer behavior, particularly among young people. I further used the article to demonstrate that this constant bombardment of advertisements, combined with the widespread use of media, has significantly fueled overconsumption, magnifying the problem of consumerism to an unprecedented level that likely wouldn’t have been possible without such pervasive media access.

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Firat, A., Kutucuoglu, K. Y., Saltik, I. A., & Tunçel, Ö. (2013). CONSUMPTION, CONSUMER CULTURE AND CONSUMER SOCIETY. Retrieved November 26, 2024, from Proquest.com website: https://www.proquest.com/docview/1369719259?accountid=13605&parentSessionId=yEsMIk1iQoITf9nFVozTVVu9m%2BCpqnHng8y1USnoDzA%3D&pq-origsite=primo&sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals

Background: This article explores consumption culture, focusing on its role in shaping contemporary consumer society. The article categorizes consumption into five distinctive styles: conspicuous, symbolic, addictive, compulsive, and sacred, while also identifying key characteristics of consumer culture. The article examines how consumer society is organized around the display and consumption of commodities, through which individuals gain prestige and identity. 

How I used it: I used the article to argue that American society links self-worth directly to the consumption of goods. I further used the article to emphasize that this materialistic mindset has been ingrained in society for generations, long before the rise of online media, and is perpetuated through cultural practices like “Keeping up with the Joneses,” demonstrating how deeply rooted consumerism is in shaping American identity. 

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Fitrianna, H. (2022). The Social Media’s Effect on Student Consumption Behavior. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Kajian Strategi Manajemen, 6(1). Retrieved from http://jurnal.utu.ac.id/jbkan/article/view/5364/2854

Background: This study examines how social media affects the consumptive behavior of students. The paper calls attention to the growing role of digital media and social networks in modern life, emphasizing their influence on consumer behavior, especially in the context of online shopping. Despite the pervasive nature of social media, the study concludes that it does not significantly drive student consumptive behavior, challenging the commonly held assumption that social media strongly influences student spending.

How I used it: I used the article to strengthen my argument that media is the primary driver of overconsumption in today’s society. I was able to point out how the constant connectivity through social media platforms makes it easier for consumers to engage in impulsive buying, as the convenience of online shopping encourages frequent consumption. Additionally, I was able to use the article to show how corporations strategically use social media to build trust and create stronger buyer-seller relationships, making individuals more likely to spend and spend more.

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Kamm, R. (2020, May 26). “It Made Me Hate Myself”: How the Urge to Shop Can Ruin Lives. Retrieved November 20, 2024, from VICE website: https://www.vice.com/en/article/it-made-me-hate-myself-how-the-urge-to-shop-can-ruin-lives/

Background: Julia’s life spiraled into compulsive shopping as an escape from overwhelming stress, including her crumbling marriage, caring for sick relatives, and a demanding job, leading her to spend up to eight hours a day online. This behavior, driven by emotional insecurity and low self-worth, resulted in credit card debt and feelings of self-loathing, as she became consumed by material pursuits despite knowing they didn’t provide lasting happiness. Julia’s experience is a reflection of the broader issue of Buying-Shopping Disorder (BSD), a condition not yet formally recognized in medical literature but linked to mood disorders, and one that requires greater recognition and treatment, such as therapy

How I used it: I used this source as an appeal to the people. By implementing a story of someone’s life that was damaged by the effect of online addiction of shopping, I was able to appeal to pathos and make people care. This action was a recommendation of the Professor, and I agreed that implementing this piece was the right move. 

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Richardson, T., Annelise Egglishaw, & Sood, M. (2024). Does Childhood Trauma Predict Impulsive Spending in Later Life? An Analysis of the Mediating Roles of Impulsivity and Emotion Regulation. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-023-00600-7

Background: This study explores the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and impulsive spending in adulthood, investigating whether emotion dysregulation and impulsivity mediate this link. Findings suggest that greater childhood trauma is associated with higher impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, and impulsive spending, with both impulsivity and emotion dysregulation acting as mediators in this relationship. The study highlights the need for further research on the mechanisms connecting ACEs to impulse spending and potential interventions targeting emotional regulation and impulsivity.

How I used it: I used this article to strengthen my argument by directly linking ACEs to impulsive spending behavior later in life. I further supported this by explaining how ACEs impair the nervous system’s development, contributing to impulsivity.

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Riedl, D., Lampe, A., Exenberger, S., Nolte, T., Trawöger, I., & Beck, T. (2020). Prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and associated physical and mental health problems amongst hospital patients: Results from a cross-sectional study. General Hospital Psychiatry, 64, 80–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.03.005

Background: This study found that 36.1% of hospital patients reported experiencing at least one adverse childhood experience (ACE), with emotional abuse, peer abuse, and neglect being the most common forms. ACEs were significantly linked to higher odds of physical illnesses, mental health problems, and domestic violence. The findings call attention to the importance of identifying patients with ACE-related symptoms and providing appropriate treatment to address the long-term health consequences of childhood trauma.

How I used it: I used the article to support my argument by linking ACEs to dysfunctional health-harming behaviors in adulthood. I used this connection to suggest that individuals with higher ACEs may be more likely to engage in self-destructive consumer behaviors as a way of managing emotional pain or distress. I referenced the high prevalence of ACEs in the Western population to emphasize the potential scale of this issue and raise the question of whether the widespread exposure to ACEs could be contributing to the rise in compulsive and impulsive buying behaviors. By incorporating these findings, I furthered my argument that ACEs play a significant role in shaping later consumer behavior, particularly in the context of emotional instability and poor decision-making.

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McDonald, J. (2024, June 26). Survey Reveals Top Reasons Gen Zers and Millennials Make Impulse Purchases. Retrieved November 20, 2024, from BadCredit.org website: https://www.badcredit.org/studies/gen-z-and-millennial-impulse-purchases/

Background: A recent survey found that 90.42% of U.S. consumers aged 18-43 engage in impulse buying, with emotional factors like stress, mood swings, and anger being the primary triggers for spontaneous spending. Gen Z is particularly influenced by social media, with 33.8% citing it as a reason for impulsive purchases, while millennials are more affected by stress, especially during holidays. 

How I used it: I used this article as an introduction sentence, using one statistic from the article to demonstrate just how many of the younger generation suffer from compulsive online shopping. Other than this, the article wasn’t used. Mostly, this article was included on a revision to better grab the reader’s attention and make them interested.

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Perera, H. S. C., & Gunawardana, T. S. L. W. (2014, February 26). Modern Consumerist Culture, Its Drawbacks and Benefits. Retrieved November 26, 2024, from Citeseerx website: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=839c6d34195e6b2c254a77893a5310c615ce0c5e

Background: This article examines the dual effects of modern consumerist culture, highlighting both its optimistic and pessimistic impacts on society. Consumerism, often linked to materialism and the pursuit of happiness through consumption, has evolved since the post-World War II era, driven by the industrial revolution. While proponents argue that consumerism can contribute to economic benefits and social life, critics comment on its potential to erode spiritual connections with nature and promote unsustainable practices. 

How I used it: I used the article to highlight how American consumerism became deeply ingrained in society, particularly after World War II and the industrial revolution. I further used the article to argue that this emptiness, exacerbated by the lack of deeper spiritual or familial connections, has fueled the rise of consumerism, making people more susceptible to the constant cycle of consumption.