Causal Draft- Lobsterman

Posted on November 10, 2024 by lobsterman

Needs a Fucking Title

Mans never ending search for power has led us to the current state of artificial intelligence.  This goes back to our roots as a species, once you create a tool, it becomes easier to create the next tool , and easier to create the next tool.  Once you have the ax you can cut down more trees, then you can make more axes to cut down more trees, this is how things function, this is how cancer spreads, this is how man spreads.  I am not putting innovation on trial I am simply asking the world, if we keep moving so quickly, if we create things that create things that create things, when will we ever have a moment to stop and think where we are headed.

Alan Turing is one of the first people to even conceptualize AI back in 1950 in his paper “Computing Machinery and Intelligence,” “The computer program replaced one of the participants, and the questioner had to determine which was the computer and which was the human. If the interrogator was unable to tell the difference between the machine and the human, the computer would be considered to be thinking, or to possess “artificial intelligence.”  What we are seeing now, with AI face recognition, completely AI generated images and video, and AI created articles and essays, all goes back to these early experiments.  The difference between how the ax and the tree evolve and how AI evolves is that people took thousands of years to go from man in the woods to man in the city, but AI can go from concept to global influence in less than a hundred.  Remember, once you make the tool it becomes increasingly easier to make the next one, and when the tool is a string of code designed to create more code, improvise creative solutions, and tackle thousands of tasks in less then 1 second, I would bet that it would evolve pretty fast.  

And it has, while early forms of AI were written about in the 1950s, the most modern forms of AI that I’m speaking of evolved in less than 10 years.  “Researchers at UC Berkeley showed that GANs could also be used to modify images, for instance adding zebra stripes to horses or converting a photograph into a painting in the style of Monet. The research demonstrated that algorithms could remix different elements or styles encountered in its training data, a feature of the tools that have recently shown so much promise.”  This quote refers to early AI image tools tested in 2017, less than 10 years ago AI was a glorified instagram filter, with no real substance compared to something a skilled graphic designer could create in photoshop.  Today, (while still imperfect) AI image generations capable of fooling people for real images.

This is how it begins, the trees did not fear one man with one ax until that man turned into a large global effort to deforest entire ecosystems with chainsaws, wood chippers, and bulldozers.  We do not fear a silly computer program that turns a horse into a zebra, we don’t even fear completely generated images because it’s “all in good fun”.  But what happens in 100 years, when AI has existed for so long that no one can put guard rails on it.  What happens when AI can create accounts, websites, people, what happens when someone realizes how powerful they would be if they had an intelligent, unseen force guiding them in winning a political election.  These are not things people are considering, maybe for once we look back at our history and realize that man is not advancing for the betterment of society but for the control of society.  With advancement comes the corruption of advancement.  Scientists may be able to create medicine to cure peoples illness but massive corporations will make it cost a thousand dollars.  Physicists and engineers can create planes, and rocket ships, but the leaders of their country can force them to create mustard gas, agent orange, and nuclear bombs.  

I believe artificial intelligence could have its place in a productive society but when we live in a world in which almost every ounce of creative or innovative potential has been used in some way for nefarious purposes, why would we want them to keep gaining new ways to do this.  When looking at just the past thirty or so years, all of this new technology has completely taken over.  Everybody just accepted smartphones immediately, the first day the iphone came out completely changed how people functioned socially.  Suddenly everyone was looking down at this little device and opting for this over social interaction if given the choice.  Have a moment to yourself in your already too busy life?  See what Beyonce has to say about the election!  We are clearly sacrificing parts of our humanity at this point rather than advancing to a natural point in evolution.  

Logically think about the way AI has been pitched to the people, something that can make images FOR you, make recipes FOR you, do your homework FOR you.  Historically, the only people looking for this little autonomy in their citizens have been dictatorships.  That’s not even an exaggeration, our entire culture is based on media, consumerism, and distractions, which is the exact place a power hungry leader would want us, and the exact place AI has the power to keep us.  I don’t believe AI’s development was something conceptualized for the sake of evil but just like with all the other advancements leading up to this, I believe it can and will be used for such reasons. 

AI is here, and it didn’t take long to get here.  Any secret deep state plot to mind control the masses with this technology is pure speculation; however its dark capabilities are already present, and the much darker implications about what it will do to social relationships, art, and the concept of truth as a whole, are staring us dead on.

References

https://st.llnl.gov/news/look-back/birth-artificial-intelligence-ai-research

https://www.wired.com/gallery/where-the-ai-art-boom-came-from-and-where-its-going/

Posted in Causal Draft, Lobsterman, Portfolio Lobsterman | Leave a comment

Causal Argument – KFury

Posted on November 10, 2024 by KFury205

Are Baseball bats being tampered with for Profit? 

The durability of bats is a crucial aspect of baseball, intertwining player safety, equipment performance, and the integrity of the game. With the continual evolution of bat technology and materials ranging from traditional wood to advanced composites, there is an ongoing discussion about whether manufacturers could intentionally compromise the durability of baseball bats to ensure they break more easily. This question raises concerns about player safety the fairness of competition and the ethical implications of tampering with equipment. Through examining the forces at play during bat-ball contact, the design and testing processes behind bat construction, and the consequences of compromised durability, it becomes clear that intentionally weakening baseball bats would cause several detrimental outcomes.

The force exerted when a baseball bat makes contact with the ball is at the heart of the issue. Baseball hitting is a high-pressure action, involving extreme forces on both the bat and the ball, often exceeding 100 mph. When a bat strikes the ball, these forces are transferred across the bat’s surface, creating stress at the point of contact, particularly at the sweet spot, where maximum energy transfer occurs. The pressure exerted on the bat can lead to material deformation, cracking, or, in extreme cases, breakage. Understanding how bats respond to these forces is essential in analyzing whether intentionally tampering with a bat’s durability could have negative consequences.

A 2024 study, examining how players use various timing strategies to manage the forces of bat-ball contact. They highlighted how well-coordinated hitters optimize bat design specifically, weight distribution and handle stiffness to alleviate the stress generated during impact. If either by using inferior materials or introducing intentional weak points they would not only make it more likely for the bat to break, but also undermine the players’ ability to mitigate the forces at play, leading to increased injury risks and reduced performance.

Baseball bats come in various materials, each with distinct durability and performance characteristics. Traditionally, wooden bats made from maple, birch, or ash have been the standard in professional baseball. However, wood is relatively brittle, and wooden bats can splinter or break under the intense pressures of bat-ball contact. Metal bats, made from aluminum or alloys, are more durable and feature a larger sweet spot, offering a more forgiving surface for hitters. Composite bats combine elements of both wood and metal, offering high performance while minimizing breakage risks.

The performance of these materials under game conditions has been the subject of significant research. In a 2001 article, researchers analyzed the stress responses of various bat materials under real-game conditions. Their findings showed that while metal and composite bats generally provide enhanced durability compared to wood, the overall performance and breakage rates are heavily influenced by factors like barrel thickness, material composition, and weight distribution. Bats that are poorly designed whether intentionally or through negligence would be more likely to break upon impact, leading to a breakdown in player performance and potential safety hazards.

The engineering of baseball bats aims to balance performance and durability, to minimize stress concentration points that could lead to breakage. Successful designs are based on distributing the stress of bat-ball impact evenly across the bat’s surface. For example, a bat with a thin barrel or poor weight distribution is more likely to crack or shatter upon impact. A bat designed with durability in mind will use materials and structural designs that can withstand repeated stress throughout a season, without sacrificing performance or swing ease.

This case study shows how modern engineering practices reinforce bat designs by using composite materials to evenly distribute impact forces. This process prevents weak points where cracks might develop, ensuring that bats remain strong even after repeated use. If manufacturers were to intentionally compromise a bat’s design whether through subpar materials or intentional structural flaws, they would not only risk compromising performance but also directly increase the likelihood of breakage during use.

Intentionally weakening the durability of baseball bats introduces significant ethical concerns. The most obvious concern is player safety. A bat designed to break more easily could shatter unexpectedly during play, turning the broken bat into a dangerous projectile. Such incidents could cause injuries not only to the batter but also to other players and even fans in the stadium. The risk of injury from broken bats is well-documented. An article back in 2010 explored how manufacturers could be held liable for injuries caused by defective or poorly designed bats. If manufacturers deliberately designed bats to break more easily, they would expose themselves to significant legal and financial liabilities.

Beyond safety concerns, compromising bat durability would also undermine the trust that players and teams place in their equipment. Players rely on their bats for consistent performance, and a bat that is prone to breaking would severely undermine that trust. As noted in the study from 2001, a well-engineered bat not only improves performance but also fosters confidence in the equipment. If players cannot trust their bats to perform reliably, it could have a cascading effect on their gameplay, leading to decreased performance and increased frustration. The ethical dilemma of intentionally making bats more prone to failure would harm the player experience and the integrity of the sport as a whole.

While there may be some short-term financial incentives for manufacturers to produce bats that break more easily (such as increased sales due to the need for replacements), the long-term financial consequences would likely be negative. A significant increase in bat breakage rates would lead to backlash from players, teams, and fans, who would be forced to purchase replacements more frequently. As discussed in the 2000 study on Rawlings Sporting Goods, the financial success of companies in the sports equipment industry is closely tied to the quality and reputation of their products. Deliberately producing faulty bats would damage a manufacturer’s brand and reputation, leading to a loss of customer loyalty and financial loss.

Additionally, the potential for legal action resulting from injuries caused by faulty bats could further harm manufacturers financially. The costs of lawsuits, product recalls, and regulatory penalties would likely outweigh any potential profits made from increasing bat replacement sales. Therefore, intentionally compromising bat durability would not only be unethical but also financially unsound for manufacturers.

In conclusion, the durability of baseball bats is essential for both player safety and the integrity of the sport. Intentionally weakening the durability of bats would likely lead to a range of negative consequences, including increased injury risks, loss of player trust, and financial damage to manufacturers. The evidence from studies on bat materials, engineering, and performance testing demonstrates that a well-designed bat should be durable enough to withstand the intense forces of bat-ball contact while still providing optimal performance. The ethics of tampering with bat durability are clear: such practices would harm the players, the sport, and the manufacturers themselves. Rather than compromising durability for short-term financial gain, manufacturers should focus on advancing bat technology to improve both performance and safety. This commitment to durability and quality will ultimately benefit the sport, fostering a safe environment for players and ensuring that baseball’s rich traditions are upheld in the modern era.

References

  • “Design Implementation of Baseball Bats: Reinforced Bats—A Case Study” N.M. Ravindra, Ivan Padron, Priyanka Singh, Bhumi Bhatt, Vishal Singh, and Kevin Fritz. JOM, 2012
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11837-012-0288-2
  • “Performance assessment of wood, metal and composite baseball bats” MM Shenoy, LV Smith, JT Axtell. Composite Structures, 2001
https://ssl.wsu.edu/documents/2015/10/performance-assessment-of-wood-metal-composite-baseball-bats.pdf/
  • “Temporal Coordination Strategies in Baseball Hitting: Insights from  Stationary vs. Oncoming Ball Analysis” T Ino, H Katsumata. Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science, 2024
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382058117_Temporal_Coordination_Strategies_in_Baseball_Hitting_Insights_from_Stationary_vs_Oncoming_Ball_Analysis
  • “The Breaking Point: Examining the Potential Liability of Maple Baseball Bat Manufacturers for Injuries Caused by Broken Maple Baseball Bats” MA Westover, Penn St. L. Rev., 2010 HeinOnline
https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/dlr115&div=21&g_sent=1&casa_token=&collection=journals
https://www.proquest.com/docview/192412308?accountid=13605&parentSessionId=CHgGiBG%2BQo5K2watvf8UuUw3LDpiBP1hLIrG22h7HVE%3D&pq-origsite=primo&sourcetype=Conference%20Papers%20&%20Proceedings
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Causal Rewrite – Student1512

Posted on November 10, 2024 by student1512

Who Causes More Harm to Our Youth, The Media or Us?

Media-driven fast fashion has become increasingly adept at exploiting consumers’ impulsive buying behaviors, leading to heightened pressure on individuals to make purchases they may not need. With just a click of a button, we can access everything we could ever need, and media is the driving force behind this convenience. 

Cognitive behaviors are rooted in a person’s life experiences. From birth to death, each interaction shapes our behavior in response. In the case of impulsive and compulsive buying behaviors, the root cause lies not solely in media influence, but in the rise of adverse childhood experiences. Marketers exploit these vulnerabilities, manipulating our weaknesses for profit.

Adverse childhood experiences, also known as ACE’s, are, according to General Hospital Psychiatry in an article titled “Prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and associated physical and mental health problems amongst hospital patients: Results from a cross-sectional study”, differing types of abuse including emotional, physical, sexual, negligence, and neglect experienced by children under the age of 18. Many experience ACE’s, some more than others, and such experience with these traumatic events are linked to impairment of the “development of the nervous, endocrine and immune systems”, as per the aforementioned article. Impairment of the nervous system, which is responsible for a multitude of functions, including emotion, memory, and learning, are key factors for the developmental process in decision making. 

With an impaired development process in aspects of decision making, the experience of ACE’s can therefore lead to poor decision making in adults who deal with compulsive and impulsive buying behavior. This is further supported as the General Hospital Psychiatry then goes on to state that “ACE’s were also associated with patterns of dysfunctional health-harming behaviors in adult life”. For that reason it can be said that the higher ACE’s one is exposed to in early life, the more likely one will be susceptible to the self-harming coping mechanisms seen in those subjected to compulsive and impulsive buying behavior. 

The rise of ACEs and the surge in media-driven fashion bingeing are contributing to a culture of reckless overspending, leading to financial instability, bankruptcies, and ruined credit. General Hospital Psychiatry reported that as much as 74% of the general Western population have experienced at least one type of ACE, with as many as 21% reporting they’ve experienced at least four. And so, the rise in ACEs appears to be reinforcing negative consumer behaviors down the line.

A study done by the Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma specifically looked into the relationship between ACE’s and later in life impulsive spending, and found a connection between the two. As found by the Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma, “greater childhood trauma predicted increased impulsive spending via greater impulsivity and emotional dysregulation”. Which makes sense, as emotional dysregulation, seen commonly in those who’ve experienced abuse and traumatic experiences, deals with mood swings, intense emotions, and difficulty dealing with stress. All of which aid in the production of impulsivity and impulsive buying behavior. 

As stated prior, many who’ve experienced ACE’s end up using damaging coping mechanisms, and this has been further supported as those who have a hard time dealing with stress, experience mood swings, and intense emotions often look for an outlet. In this case impulsive buying, which, as defined by the article “The Personality Puzzle: a comprehensive analysis of its impact on three buying behaviors”, is defined as making a random, not thought through, and direct purchase. In the case of manipulative media and fashion purchases, the Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma “found that individuals who are susceptible to impulse spending often engage in the behavior to improve their mood.” The evidence of which further connects that the experience of ACE’s can almost directly lead to impulsive buying behavior as a coping mechanism. Even how they’re coping is a direct cause of their experienced ACE’s, as the impulsivity experienced by the individual may be due to impaired development of the nervous system, which is in charge of impulse control regulation. 

In a final conclusion drawn by the study, the Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma discovered that “Childhood trauma showed a weak but significant positive correlation with impulsive spending, indicating that greater exposure to childhood trauma increases the likelihood that an individual will impulsively spend in later life”. Though weak, the correlation between ACE’s and impulsive spending does hold, and even more interestingly leaves room for more reasons as to what else may cause impulsive buying behavior. 

Such a gap leaves room for speculation that beyond ACE’s the root cause for impulsive spending may be the generational rise of media marketing. Each and every day, as the media takes a firmer hold of the billions of people on this planet, the masses are suspected to add after add. It is not just a phenomenon, but a culture encrusted in trigger happy consumers who go on to suggest what their friends’ next dopamine hit of a purchase should be. Our attention spans are not the only aspect taking a hit, yet our impulse control as well.

Either way, the Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma suggests that “psychological therapies should seek to reduce impulsivity and improve emotion regulation to mitigate impulse spending in those with histories of early adversity and childhood trauma.” While this may help, the advice feels more so like a given. Of course therapy would help, but who’s gonna go? The consumer, who feels more than justified in their purchases? The issue with such a suggestion is that until their impulsive buying behavior devastatingly cripples them, they will more than likely not go. The key is rather to dedicate more resources to children who are currently experiencing ACE’s, and nip the future problem in the butt before it can even take hold. All the while, the aforementioned services may remain for those who chose to go, or those forced by family members who recognize the problem.

Impulsive buying behaviors, ACE’s, and Media marketing all go hand in hand. It is, with the power of such knowledge, a responsibility of the people to mitigate the effect all three are having due to one another. More worryingly, the rise of ACE’s on our youth, as this may be the domino effect that causes such problems down the line. Though some may claim impulsive buying behavior is just due to poor impulse control, they’re missing the mark. It is what causes such poor impulse control that is the issue. In understanding the fundamental foundations of how our behavior is shaped by our experiences, our society can better enforce child safety to protect those experiencing adverse childhood experiences. It is up to us, as a people, to protect our children from becoming a self sabotaging disaster down the line.

References

Aquino, S. D., & Lins, S. (2023). The personality puzzle: a comprehensive analysis of its impact on three buying behaviors. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1179257. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1179257

Richardson, T., Annelise Egglishaw, & Sood, M. (2024). Does Childhood Trauma Predict Impulsive Spending in Later Life? An Analysis of the Mediating Roles of Impulsivity and Emotion Regulation. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-023-00600-7

Riedl, D., Lampe, A., Exenberger, S., Nolte, T., Trawöger, I., & Beck, T. (2020). Prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and associated physical and mental health problems amongst hospital patients: Results from a cross-sectional study. General Hospital Psychiatry, 64, 80–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.03.005

Posted in Causal Rewrite, Portfolio Student1512, REGRADED, Student1512 | 5 Comments

Causal Argument – Student1512

Posted on November 10, 2024 by student1512

Who Causes More Harm to Our Youth, The Media or Us?

Media marketed fast fashion and its control on consumers’ impulsive buying behavior is at an all time high. Everything anyone would ever need, just with a click of a button, though is media the direct cause? 

As most know, cognitive behaviors are rooted in a person’s experience in life. From birth to death, each interaction sparks a new behavior in response. In connection to impulsive and compulsive buying behaviors seen throughout consumers, the direct link to this pattern of behavior stems not inherently from media, but from the rise of adverse childhood experiences. 

Adverse childhood experiences, also known as ACE’s, are, according to General Hospital Psychiatry in an article titled “Prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and associated physical and mental health problems amongst hospital patients: Results from a cross-sectional study”, differing types of abuse including emotional, physical, sexual, negligence, and neglect experienced by children under the age of 18. Many experience ACE’s, some more than others, and such experience with these traumatic events are linked to impairment of the “development of the nervous, endocrine and immune systems”, as per the aforementioned article. Impairment of the nervous system, which is responsible for a multitude of functions, including emotion, memory, and learning, are key factors for the developmental process in decision making. 

With an impaired development process in aspects of decision making, the experience of ACE’s can therefore lead to poor decision making in adults who deal with compulsive and impulsive buying behavior. This is further supported as the General Hospital Psychiatry then goes on to state that “ACE’s were also associated with patterns of dysfunctional health-harming behaviors in adult life”. For that reason it can be said that the higher ACE’s one is exposed to in early life, the more likely one will be susceptible to the self-harming coping mechanisms seen in those subjected to compulsive and impulsive buying behavior. 

Seemingly, the rise of ACE’s and the rise of media fashion binging are both taking the west by storm. General Hospital Psychiatry commented that 43 to 74% of the general western population have experienced at least one type of ACE, while 7-21% detailed they’d experienced at least four. Leaving the question; could the rise of the experiences with ACE’s be enforcing the negative consumer behavior down the line? 

The short answer; yes. A study done by the Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma specifically looked into the relationship between ACE’s and later in life impulsive spending, and found a connection between the two. As found by the Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma, “greater childhood trauma predicted increased impulsive spending via greater impulsivity and emotional dysregulation”. Which makes sense, as emotional dysregulation, seen commonly in those who’ve experienced abuse and traumatic experiences, deals with mood swings, intense emotions, and difficulty dealing with stress. All of which aid in the production of impulsivity and impulsive buying behavior. 

As stated prior, many who’ve experienced ACE’s end up using damaging coping mechanisms, and this has been further supported as those who have a hard time dealing with stress, experience mood swings, and intense emotions often look for an outlet. In this case impulsive buying, which, as defined by the article “The Personality Puzzle: a comprehensive analysis of its impact on three buying behaviors”, is defined as making a random, not thought through, and direct purchase. In the case of manipulative media and fashion purchases, the Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma “found that individuals who are susceptible to impulse spending often engage in the behavior to improve their mood.” The evidence of which further connects that the experience of ACE’s can almost directly lead to impulsive buying behavior as a coping mechanism. Even how they’re coping is a direct cause of their experienced ACE’s, as the impulsivity experienced by the individual may be due to impaired development of the nervous system, which is in charge of impulse control regulation. 

In a final conclusion drawn by the study, the Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma discovered that “Childhood trauma showed a weak but significant positive correlation with impulsive spending, indicating that greater exposure to childhood trauma increases the likelihood that an individual will impulsively spend in later life”. Though weak, the correlation between ACE’s and impulsive spending does hold, and even more interestingly leaves room for more reasons as to what else may cause impulsive buying behavior. 

Such a gap leaves room for speculation that beyond ACE’s the root cause for impulsive spending may be the generational rise of media marketing. Each and every day, as the media takes a firmer hold of the billions of people on this planet, the masses are suspected to add after add. It is not just a phenomenon, but a culture encrusted in trigger happy consumers who go on to suggest what their friends’ next dopamine hit of a purchase should be. Our attention spans are not the only aspect taking a hit, yet our impulse control as well.

Either way, the Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma suggests that “psychological therapies should seek to reduce impulsivity and improve emotion regulation to mitigate impulse spending in those with histories of early adversity and childhood trauma.” While this may help, the advice feels more so like a given. Of course therapy would help, but who’s gonna go? The consumer, who feels more than justified in their purchases? The issue with such a suggestion is that until their impulsive buying behavior devastatingly cripples them, they will more than likely not go. The key is rather to dedicate more resources to children who are currently experiencing ACE’s, and nip the future problem in the butt before it can even take hold. All the while, the aforementioned services may remain for those who chose to go, or those forced by family members who recognize the problem.

Impulsive buying behaviors, ACE’s, and Media marketing all go hand in hand. It is, with the power of such knowledge, a responsibility of the people to mitigate the effect all three are having due to one another. More worringly, the rise of ACE’s on our youth, as this may be the domino effect that causes such problems down the line. Though some may claim impulsive buying behavior is just due to poor impulse control, they’re missing the mark. It is what causes such poor impulse control that is the issue. In understanding the fundamental foundations of how our behavior is shaped by our experiences, our society can better enforce child safety to protect those experiencing adverse childhood experiences. It is up to us, as a people, to protect our children from becoming a self sabotaging disaster down the line.

References

Aquino, S. D., & Lins, S. (2023). The personality puzzle: a comprehensive analysis of its impact on three buying behaviors. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1179257. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1179257

Richardson, T., Annelise Egglishaw, & Sood, M. (2024). Does Childhood Trauma Predict Impulsive Spending in Later Life? An Analysis of the Mediating Roles of Impulsivity and Emotion Regulation. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-023-00600-7

Riedl, D., Lampe, A., Exenberger, S., Nolte, T., Trawöger, I., & Beck, T. (2020). Prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and associated physical and mental health problems amongst hospital patients: Results from a cross-sectional study. General Hospital Psychiatry, 64, 80–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.03.005

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Causal Argument – phoenixxxx23

Posted on November 10, 2024 by phoenixxxx23

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Definition Rewrite – SkibidySigma

Posted on November 10, 2024 by SkibidySigma

Bots of Deception: How AI Fuels Fake News

Artificial intelligence has revolutionized information production and dissemination, introducing unparalleled efficiencies in communication. However, it has also opened avenues through which sophisticated misinformation—such as AI-generated misinformation—can pose serious risks to information integrity and erode public confidence in media and institutions. The ease with which AI-generated content can be produced has made distinguishing what is genuine from the fabricated difficult, potentially impacting public opinion and decision-making. Understanding exactly what comprises AI-generated misinformation is the first step in addressing the challenges associated with it. This essay defines what AI-generated misinformation is, its characteristics, and finally addresses what these mean for current detection technologies.

AI-generated misinformation describes information that is false or misleading and is produced by an artificial intelligence system without direct human intervention. This includes fake text, image manipulation, synthetic audio, and deepfake video. What differentiates this misinformation from more orthodox kinds is the use of advanced AI algorithms, including deep learning models, to generate content that is hyper-realistic and believable. Williamson and Prybutok (2023) note that with the development of large language models and GANs, AI systems have advanced to the point where they can generate content indistinguishable from that generated by humans. This raises significant concerns about the potential for the wide dissemination of false information.

Perhaps one of the most astounding aspects of AI-generated misinformation is how impressively realistic it is. For instance, GANs in deepfakes create visual realities of people seemingly saying or doing things they have never done. These can then be used to impersonate public figures, disseminate false narratives, or incite social unrest. 

The scalability of AI technologies allows for rapid generation of large quantities, hence amplifying the impact. Heidari et al. (2023) say that the ease of generating such content with AI makes it easier for malicious actors attempting to influence public opinion, manipulate elections, or commit fraud. This does not reduce the seriousness of the psychological impact on audiences who struggle to separate truth from fabrication. Advances in machine learning essentially go hand in hand with the increase of AI-generated misinformation. Deep learning models, such as convolutional neural networks and recurrent neural networks, enable AI systems to learn patterns from very large datasets and generate new content based on those patterns. GANs involve two neural networks: a generator and a discriminator. Both work in pattern with each other, each trying to outdo the other until highly realistic content is generated. All the while, the generator creates synthetic data, while the discriminator assesses its feasibilityᅳa process of constant improvement. Williamson and Prybutok (2023) add that such mechanisms allow AI to generate content capable of imitating human behavior, speech patterns, and even visual appearances with uncanny accuracy.

Current detection technologies face an uphill climb in identifying AI-generated misinformation. Most traditional methods of detection rely on identifying known anomalies or inconsistencies within the content. However, this becomes less obvious with more sophisticated AI-generated content. Heidari et al. (2023) point out that deepfake detection techniques should develop as fast as generative models. The authors further discuss several deep learning-based detection methodologies using biological signals in videos, such as heartbeat or pulse, or analyzing subtle facial movements. Despite such efforts, the constant improvement of generative models makes it a cat-and-mouse game between creators of misinformation and developers of detection tools. Williamson and Prybutok (2023) claim that without standardized protocols and computational resources for higher-tier detection, current technologies are further impaired.

This erosion of trust in digital content has broad implications, leading to increased skepticism about authentic sources of information and undercutting public discourse. Additionally, individuals whose likenesses are used in deepfakes may suffer reputational damage, raising concerns about privacy rights violations. Heidari et al. (2023) identify a host of societal consequences where misinformation leads to changes in the outcome of elections, incites violence, and spreads harmful health advice. The ethical balancing act now lies in harnessing technological innovation with the responsibility to prevent harmful challenges that must be surmounted through collaboration among technologists, policymakers, and ethicists.

Heidari et al. (2023) indicate that interdisciplinary approaches, including computer science, psychology, and legal studies, are necessary to create effective solutions. These include investing in research for better detection algorithms, educating the public about misinformation, and putting in place regulatory frameworks that will hold malicious content creators responsible for their actions. Williamson and Prybutok (2023) emphasize the need for transparency in AI development and the integration of ethics from the beginning of technological advancement. It is only by realizing the limitations of contemporary systems and undertaking pragmatic work to transcend them that society can decrease the related risks of AI-generated misinformation.

In conclusionl, AI-generated misinformation signifies a serious and evolving threat to the integrity of information and societal trust. This essay defined the term and provided an in-depth analysis of its characteristics, technological mechanisms, and implications, serving to clarify the challenges it poses. Current detection technologies cannot keep pace with the sophistication and scalability of AI-generated content; hence, there is an urgent need to stimulate more advanced methods and ethical guidelines. With the continuous development of AI, different corporations must collaborate in developing various strategies to counter misinformation. Understanding the seriousness of this issue is the first step to keeping information trustworthy in this digital age.

Sources

Heidari, A., Navimipour, N. J., Dag, H., & Unal, M. (2023). Deep learning-based deepfake detection techniques: A systematic review. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery.

Williamson, S. M., & Prybutok, V. (2023). The era of artificial intelligence deception: Unraveling the complexities of false realities and emerging threats of misinformation.

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Robust Verbs- RoboFrog

Posted on November 10, 2024 by Robofrog

There is a huge problem in Vancouver with heroin addicts committing crimes to support their habits. The “free heroin for addicts” program is doing everything they can to stop the addicts. The problem is that there is a large crime rate due to the addicts. It is obvious that addicts have a hard time getting through their day to day lives. Daily activities such as jobs, interactions, and relationships are hard to maintain because of the fact that they are using. By heroin users being addicted, they will do whatever they have to do to get their hands on the drug. The types of crimes committed are those of breaking and entering as well as stealing. There are no limits to where they will go to retrieve this drug so that they can feed their addiction. The problem with this program is that it won’t help to ween these addicts off using heroin. It is only trying to save the city from rising crime rates that they’re up to. By providing the drug, these addicts will be off the streets, which in turn will prevent them from committing minor street crimes. This will also keep the heroin users out of the hospital. It is pointless that the hospitals have to deal with people that want to use bad drugs or unsanitary needles and find themselves being unable to afford hospital bills and hard to cope without the drug. This program gives people free heroin in the cleanest way possible. This will in turn fix the city but not the addiction that these people face.

1) There is a huge problem in Vancouver with heroin addicts committing crimes to support their habits.

The Problem: Trash language.

The Fix: Rewrite it to eliminate it.

Crimes committed by heroin addicts to support their addiction are a huge problem in Vancouver.

2) The “free heroin for addicts” program is doing everything they can to stop the addicts.

The Problem: It does not say what they are doing.

The Fix: Make it clear.

The “free heroin for addicts” program is giving out free heroin to addicts to stop them from committing crimes.

3) The problem is that there is a large crime rate due to the addicts.

The Problem: Unclear as to why addicts and the crime rate are related and trash language.

The Fix: Clarify this and eliminate trash language.

The large crime rate is due to the addicts committing crimes to support their addiction.

4) It is obvious that addicts have a hard time getting through their day to day lives.

The Problem: Trash language.

The Fix: Rewrite it to eliminate it.

Due to their addiction, addicts have a hard time getting through their day to day lives.

5) Daily activities such as jobs, interactions, and relationships are hard to maintain because of the fact that they are using.

The Problem: Not clear on what they are using, does not flow with previous sentence, and trash language.

The Fix: Make it clear, flow with previous sentence, and eliminate trash language.

The daily activities made hard to maintain through usage of heroin include jobs, interactions, and relationships.

6) By heroin users being addicted, they will do whatever they have to do to get their hands on the drug.

The Problem: Uses by at beginning of the sentence and has repetitive material.

The Fix: Rewrite it to eliminate by and make it less repetitive.

Heroin users will do whatever is necessary to get their hands on the drug to satisfy their addiction.

7) The types of crimes committed are those of breaking and entering as well as stealing.

The Problem: Needless language.

The Fix: Rewrite it to eliminate it.

Crimes committed consist of breaking and entering as well as stealing.

8) There are no limits to where they will go to retrieve this drug so that they can feed their addiction.

The Problem: Trash language, basically a repeat of sentence 6

The Fix: Remove it from paragraph.

N/A

9) The problem with this program is that it won’t help to ween these addicts off using heroin.

The Problem: Trash language.

The Fix: Rewrite it to eliminate it.

The program won’t help to ween these addicts off using heroin.

10) It is only trying to save the city from rising crime rates that they’re up to.

The Problem: Trash language.

The Fix: Rewrite it to eliminate it.

The program is only trying to save the city from rising crime rates.

11) By providing the drug, these addicts will be off the streets, which in turn will prevent them from committing minor street crimes.

The Problem: Uses by at beginning of the sentence and unclear antecedents.

The Fix: Rewrite it to eliminate by and make it clearer.

Addicts on the streets, as a result of being provided the drug, will be disinclined to committing minor street crimes.

12) This will also keep the heroin users out of the hospital.

The Problem: N/A

The Fix: N/A

This will also keep the heroin users out of the hospital.

13) It is pointless that the hospitals have to deal with people that want to use bad drugs or unsanitary needles and find themselves being unable to afford hospital bills and hard to cope without the drug.

The Problem: Trash language.

The Fix: Rewrite it to eliminate it.

Herion addicts want to use bad drugs or unsanitary needles and find themselves being unable to afford hospital bills and hard to cope without the drug.

14) This program gives people free heroin in the cleanest way possible.

The Problem: Unnecessary language.

The Fix: Remove it from sentence.

This program gives people free heroin.

15) This will in turn fix the city but not the addiction that these people face.

The Problem: Negative word.

The Fix: Reword sentence.

This will in turn fix the city but the addiction that these people face will remain.

Revised Paragraph: Rearranged sentences so it would make more sense.

Crimes committed by heroin addicts to support their addiction are a huge problem in Vancouver. The large crime rate is due to the addicts committing crimes to support their addiction. Crimes committed consist of breaking and entering as well as stealing. Due to their addiction, addicts have a hard time getting through their day to day lives. The daily activities made hard to maintain through usage of heroin include jobs, interactions, and relationships. Heroin users will do whatever is necessary to get their hands on the drug to satisfy their addiction. The “free heroin for addicts” program is giving out free heroin to addicts to stop them from committing crimes. The program won’t help to ween these addicts off using heroin. Addicts on the streets, as a result of being provided the drug, will be disinclined to committing minor street crimes. The program is only trying to save the city from rising crime rates. This will also keep the heroin users out of the hospital. Heroin addicts want to use bad drugs or unsanitary needles and find themselves being unable to afford hospital bills and hard to cope without the drug. This program gives people free heroin. This will in turn fix the city but the addiction that these people face will remain.

Posted in RoboFrog, Robust Verbs | 1 Comment

Causal Rewrite – imaginary.persona

Posted on November 9, 2024 by imaginary.persona

Needs a Title

COVID dogs gained separation anxiety because owners started to go back to work once the COVID pandemic ended. According to the Canine Health Foundation, Separation anxiety in dogs is a fairly common condition in dogs in which they experience behaviors that are destructive when separated from their owners. It is important to know the causes of separation anxiety since “…10-20% (sometimes 30%)” (American Kennel Club) of dogs experience separation anxiety in their lifetime. According to ScienceDirect,“The main problematic behaviors reported for 345 dogs were … fearfulness (27.9%) …”

One of the causes of separation anxiety in dogs is negative experiences of socialization during the puppy stage. According to the authors of the article, Critical Period in the Social Development of Dogs,  dogs’ critical period of development is between five to fourteen weeks. “The socialization period is also the period when puppies learn how to handle stressful situations, such as meeting new dogs, going to novel environments and thunderstorms.” (Kimberly Brown). In the research article Early Life Experiences and Exercise Associate with Canine Anxieties on Plos One, puppies that are not exposed to different environments, people, or other animals may become more fearful and anxious in situations, especially when left alone.   ScienceDirect states, “Canine separation anxiety is a behavioral disorder of dogs when left alone or separated from a significant person or persons.”

Experiences during the puppy stage that involve trauma or neglect can significantly contribute to the development of separation anxiety. Dogs that have been abandoned, surrendered to shelters, or rehomed multiple times often struggle with attachment issues and tend to become overly dependent on their new caregiver. According to the author of an AVMA Publication, in the article Review of epidemiological, pathological, genetic, and epigenetic factors that may contribute to the development of separation anxiety in dogs, it is stated that  “Dogs that were relinquished through shelters or rescues or abandoned at veterinary hospitals are more commonly reported with SA in some studies.”

Another factor in separation anxiety is a change in the dog’s environment or routine. Dogs form strong associations with the people in their lives, and anything that is to disrupt this can trigger separation anxiety in the dogs. “Since a dog can attach quickly to a person, they can also have anxiety when that person leaves, which can explain why dogs that have recently been adopted may exhibit separation anxiety when their new owner leaves.” Being separated from members that dogs are attached to can lead to separation anxiety,  “…severe distress experienced when an individual is distanced from other group members.” Common environmental changes that may cause separation anxiety include moving to a new home, “…due to the stress of a new environment or being taken away from its original owners,” or a change in the household composition, such as a new work routine that leads to more extended periods of time away from home. For instance, a dog may have been accustomed to a caregiver being home for long periods, but if that person suddenly starts working longer hours, the dog might feel abandoned or neglected. 

Training is a key factor in preventing separation anxiety. Dogs that have not been taught how to be left alone might develop a behavior of separation anxiety when faced with separation. Inadequate training can occur when a dog is not taught how to be independent. For example, if a dog is always allowed to follow their owner around the house, it may unintentionally reinforce the dog’s dependence, “In some cases, dogs may follow their owners due to separation anxiety. This can manifest as distress when separated from their owners, leading to constant following as a means to alleviate their anxiety.” This can make the dog more likely to become anxious when left alone, as they have never learned how to handle being alone in a calm and healthy manner.

Socialization also plays an important role in helping dogs become prepared in different situations. Dogs that are not socialized can become fearful of unfamiliar experiences, which can increase anxiety when faced with separation. Sara Swanson, author of the report The effects of socialization on dogs states, “These fear-based behaviors, such as aggression and anxiety, have an ontological aspect where the potential for development for these behaviors can be linked to distress or lack of desensitization during primary social development.”  Dogs that have not been exposed to being left alone may feel more stressed when left alone without their owners presence, as they have not learned to cope with the unfamiliar feeling. 

According to ScienceDirect, “Dogs may also have a genetic predisposition to develop anxiety.” Genetics is another factor to be considered when trying to deduce the causes of separation anxiety in dogs. Linn Mari Storegen wrote Genetic Studies of Canine Anxiety, whihc expressed, “The fear response is a normal and self-protecting behavior which can enable the dog to escape potential dangerous situations, but may, in some cases become inappropriate and negatively impact the dog’s welfare.” On a scientific note, certain glands can be stimulated which cause a bodily response to a perceived threat and therefore cause separation anxiety. “The sympathetic system releases adrenal steroids (noradrenaline and adrenaline) from the subcortical areas of the brain and adrenal gland, resulting in an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and vasoconstriction in internal organs.” Sex comes into play with separation anxiety in dogs as ScienceDirect, “… found that male dogs outnumbered female dogs and that male dogs had higher probability of elevated levels of separation-related distress.”

In conclusion, separation anxiety in dogs is a condition with multiple factors, including early life experiences, genetics, environmental changes, and not enough training or socialization. Understanding the causes of separation anxiety is important for dealing with the condition since about 30% of dogs can face separation anxiety. 

References

Amat, M., Borchelt, P. L., Cannas, S., Clark, G. I., Col, R., Doring, D., … Bradshaw, J. W. S. (2020). Problematic behaviors in companion dogs: A survey of their prevalence and associated factors. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1558787820300903?casa_token=JcaIT3f3h9AAAAAA%3A4D9VKZztPWTE4EOPOeC5RhIsqUQ4aXBhF-6VVGOb3TW1kl91xXlPNelL16EXZZvl_SP3sFjqdRs 

Appleby, D., McGreevy, P. D., Palestrini, C., Parthasarathy, V., Rugbjerg, H., Sherman, B., … Horwitz, D. F. (2014). A descriptive study of 215 dogs diagnosed with separation anxiety. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168159114001890 

Borchelt, P. L., McCrave, E. A., Wright, J. C., Appleby, D., Voith, V. L., Clark, G. I., … Houpt, K. A. (2008). Canine anxieties and phobias: An update on separation anxiety and noise aversions. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0195561608001125 

Brown, K. D. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://getd.libs.uga.edu/pdfs/brown_kimberly_d_201305_ms.pdf 

Meneses, T., Robinson, J., Rose, J., Vernick, J., & Overall, K. L. (2021). Review of epidemiological, pathological, genetic, and epigenetic factors that may contribute to the development of separation anxiety in dogs. Retrieved from https://avmajournals.avma.org/view/journals/javma/259/10/javma.20.08.0462.xml 

Overall, K. L. (n.d.). Relieving a dog’s separation anxiety | whole dog journal – dogica. Retrieved from http://www.dogica.com/training-dog/free-download/Relieving-a-Dogs-Separation-Anxiety-Whole-Dog-Jour.pdf 

Storengen, L. M. (n.d.). Genetic studies of canine anxiety . Retrieved from https://nmbu.brage.unit.no/nmbu-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/2447789/2016-51_Linn%20Mari%20Storengen_(BasAm).pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y 

Swanson, S. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://krex.k-state.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/25ae812d-aaf5-45ef-965f-2f72b020a8ad/content 

Tiira, K., & Lohi, H. (n.d.). Early life experiences and exercise associate with canine anxieties. Retrieved from https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0141907 

Why does my dog follow me everywhere? : Happy pup manor: Doodle dog boarder barrington. (2024). Retrieved from https://happypupmanor.com/why-does-my-dog-follow-me-everywhere/#:~:text=Separation%20Anxiety:%20A%20Deeper%20Issue.%20In%20some,as%20a%20means%20to%20alleviate%20their%20anxiety 

Posted in Causal Rewrite, imaginary.persona | 4 Comments

Causal Argument – imaginary.persona

Posted on November 9, 2024 by imaginary.persona

COVID dogs gained separation anxiety because owners started to go back to work once the COVID pandemic ended. Separation anxiety in dogs is a fairly common condition in dogs in which they experience behaviors that are destructive when separated from their owners. It is important to know the causes of separation anxiety since 10-20% (sometimes 30%) of dogs experience separation anxiety in their lifetime. “The main problematic behaviors reported for 345 dogs were … fearfulness (27.9%) …”

One of the causes of separation anxiety in dogs is negative experiences of socialization during the puppy stage. Dogs’ critical period of development is between five to fourteen weeks. “The socialization period is also the period when puppies learn how to handle stressful situations, such as meeting new dogs, going to novel environments and thunderstorms.”Puppies that are not exposed to different environments, people, or other animals may become more fearful and anxious in situations, especially when left alone.  “Canine separation anxiety is a behavioral disorder of dogs when left alone or separated from a significant person or persons.”

Experiences during the puppy stage that involve trauma or neglect can significantly contribute to the development of separation anxiety. Dogs that have been abandoned, surrendered to shelters, or rehomed multiple times often struggle with attachment issues and tend to become overly dependent on their new caregiver.“Dogs that were relinquished through shelters or rescues or abandoned at veterinary hospitals are more commonly reported with SA in some studies.”

Another factor in separation anxiety is a change in the dog’s environment or routine. Dogs form strong associations with the people in their lives, and anything that is to disrupt this can trigger separation anxiety in the dogs. “Since a dog can attach quickly to a person, they can also have anxiety when that person leaves, which can explain why dogs that have recently been adopted may exhibit separation anxiety when their new owner leaves.” Being separated from members that dogs are attached to can lead to separation anxiety,  “…severe distress experienced when an individual is distanced from other group members.” Common environmental changes that may cause separation anxiety include moving to a new home, “…due to the stress of a new environment or being taken away from its original owners,” or a change in the household composition, such as a new work routine that leads to more extended periods of time away from home. For instance, a dog may have been accustomed to a caregiver being home for long periods, but if that person suddenly starts working longer hours, the dog might feel abandoned or neglected. 

Training is a key factor in preventing separation anxiety. Dogs that have not been taught how to be left alone might develop a behavior of separation anxiety when faced with separation. Inadequate training can occur when a dog is not taught how to be independent. For example, if a dog is always allowed to follow their owner around the house, it may unintentionally reinforce the dog’s dependence, “In some cases, dogs may follow their owners due to separation anxiety. This can manifest as distress when separated from their owners, leading to constant following as a means to alleviate their anxiety.” This can make the dog more likely to become anxious when left alone, as they have never learned how to handle being alone in a calm and healthy manner.

Socialization also plays an important role in helping dogs become prepared in different situations. Dogs that are not socialized can become fearful of unfamiliar experiences, which can increase anxiety when faced with separation. “These fear-based behaviors, such as aggression and anxiety, have an ontological aspect where the potential for development for these behaviors can be linked to distress or lack of desensitization during primary social development.”  Dogs that have not been exposed to being left alone may feel more stressed when left alone without their owners presence, as they have not learned to cope with the unfamiliar feeling. 

“Dogs may also have a genetic predisposition to develop anxiety.” Genetics is another factor to be considered when trying to deduce the causes of separation anxiety in dogs. “The fear response is a normal and self-protecting behavior which can enable the dog to escape potential dangerous situations, but may, in some cases become inappropriate and negatively impact the dog’s welfare.” On a scientific note, certain glands can be stimulated which cause a bodily response to a perceived threat and therefore cause separation anxiety. “The sympathetic system releases adrenal steroids (noradrenaline and adrenaline) from the subcortical areas of the brain and adrenal gland, resulting in an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and vasoconstriction in internal organs.” Sex comes into play with separation anxiety in dogs as, “… found that male dogs outnumbered female dogs and that male dogs had higher probability of elevated levels of separation-related distress.”

In conclusion, separation anxiety in dogs is a condition with multiple factors, including early life experiences, genetics, environmental changes, and not enough training or socialization. Understanding the causes of separation anxiety is important for dealing with the condition since about 30% of dogs can face separation anxiety. 

References

Amat, M., Borchelt, P. L., Cannas, S., Clark, G. I., Col, R., Doring, D., … Bradshaw, J. W. S. (2020). Problematic behaviors in companion dogs: A survey of their prevalence and associated factors. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1558787820300903?casa_token=JcaIT3f3h9AAAAAA%3A4D9VKZztPWTE4EOPOeC5RhIsqUQ4aXBhF-6VVGOb3TW1kl91xXlPNelL16EXZZvl_SP3sFjqdRs 

Appleby, D., McGreevy, P. D., Palestrini, C., Parthasarathy, V., Rugbjerg, H., Sherman, B., … Horwitz, D. F. (2014). A descriptive study of 215 dogs diagnosed with separation anxiety. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168159114001890 

Borchelt, P. L., McCrave, E. A., Wright, J. C., Appleby, D., Voith, V. L., Clark, G. I., … Houpt, K. A. (2008). Canine anxieties and phobias: An update on separation anxiety and noise aversions. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0195561608001125 

Brown, K. D. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://getd.libs.uga.edu/pdfs/brown_kimberly_d_201305_ms.pdf 

Meneses, T., Robinson, J., Rose, J., Vernick, J., & Overall, K. L. (2021). Review of epidemiological, pathological, genetic, and epigenetic factors that may contribute to the development of separation anxiety in dogs. Retrieved from https://avmajournals.avma.org/view/journals/javma/259/10/javma.20.08.0462.xml 

Overall, K. L. (n.d.). Relieving a dog’s separation anxiety | whole dog journal – dogica. Retrieved from http://www.dogica.com/training-dog/free-download/Relieving-a-Dogs-Separation-Anxiety-Whole-Dog-Jour.pdf 

Storengen, L. M. (n.d.). Genetic studies of canine anxiety . Retrieved from https://nmbu.brage.unit.no/nmbu-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/2447789/2016-51_Linn%20Mari%20Storengen_(BasAm).pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y 

Swanson, S. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://krex.k-state.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/25ae812d-aaf5-45ef-965f-2f72b020a8ad/content 

Tiira, K., & Lohi, H. (n.d.). Early life experiences and exercise associate with canine anxieties. Retrieved from https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0141907 

Why does my dog follow me everywhere? : Happy pup manor: Doodle dog boarder barrington. (2024). Retrieved from https://happypupmanor.com/why-does-my-dog-follow-me-everywhere/#:~:text=Separation%20Anxiety:%20A%20Deeper%20Issue.%20In%20some,as%20a%20means%20to%20alleviate%20their%20anxiety

Posted in Causal Draft, imaginary.persona | Leave a comment

Robust Verbs – Student1512

Posted on November 8, 2024 by student1512

A huge problem within Vancouver has arisen due to heroin addicts committing more crimes to support their habits. Crimes, such as breaking-and-entering and stealing, have become more prominent due to addict behavior, as addicts will do whatever is needed to get their next fix. Addicts typically do not have a support system to guide them through their addiction, as their use of the drug negatively impacts their relationships with others. Alone and addicted, an addict hones in not to better themselves, but for their next dopamine rush. In an attempt to negate this effect, the “free heroin for addicts” program plans to provide the desired drug to get addicts off the street and lower minor street crime. The program is also designed in a way to keep heroin users out of the hospital. Having a revolving door of addicts who choose to use bad drugs and unsanitary needles takes away from those who need care due to natural, unfortunate circumstances. And so, the program gives addicts free heroin in the cleanest way possible. One outlying problem remains, as the program does not help to wean addicts off of using heroin. Though, this was never the goal of the program, instead, the program is simply trying to lower the crime rates that have risen due to addicts. The “free heroin for addicts” program may fix the city  but not the addiction these people face.

Posted in GRADED, Robust Verbs, Student1512 | Leave a comment