Counterintuitive Fall 2024

Deion Sanders the best recruiter in CFB.

Deion Sanders the best recruiter in CFB.

Proposal: Deion Sanders has been a big name in football dating all the way back to his high school years to still today. Deion Sanders is a legendary athlete who as of recent is making his case to why he is the best coach in college football. In the past 3-4 years Deion Sanders has completely changed the culture behind not only Colorado now but before this year Jackson St. as well. Sanders is no normal head coach, his success as a NFL athlete has contributed heavily to his ability to flip the culture Jackson St. and University Of Colorado collegiate organizations.

Background: Since the early 90a Deion Sanders has made his mark as a Hall Of Fame NFL Athlete. “Athlete” because in his 14 year career Sanders played and thrived at multiple positions. Over the past 3-4 years and still to this day Sanders has added another accolade to his long list of accomplishments. In 2020, Sanders took role of Head Coach at Jackson St. a HBCU football team that prior to his arrival success was slim to none. In his 3 years with the program he took them to 3 back to back winning seasons.

After his time at Jackson St., Coach Deion Sanders took his talents and a few players with him into the Pac 12 division to the University Of Colorado a more mainstream and “intense” level of college football. A team that again prior to his arrival lacked in recruitment and overall success. Coach Deions arrival and success to this day has quickly changed not only The University Of Colorado’s football team but also has changed the entire culture of college football across all divisions.

Resources:

Background: Sport analyst and American TV Personality Stephen A. Smith goes into depth about why Coach Deion Sander’s move to the University of Colorado is such a pivotal event for the sport of college football.

How I used it: I used Stephen A. Smiths video to educate my readers on the impact that Coach Deion Sanders is having on the game of college football. By using Stephen A. Smith as a resource I am providing readers with a point of view an experienced and well known sports analyst.

Resource: Deion Sanders First 2 Years At Jackson St. Football

Background: This article published to The Clarion Ledger by sports writer Langston Newsome explains how Deion Sanders’s arrival to the Jackson St. Tigers Football team completely changed the teams morals and pushed them into a now more focused game driven winning team.

How I used it: to provide readers with context of the success Coach Deion Sanders brought to the team in his time specifically as Jackson St.’s Head Coach. By using this article I increase credibility of my claim because the article provides stats and quotes from multiple members of Jackson St.’s football team.

Resource: Deion Sanders is hired as the next football coach for the University Of Colorado Football

Background: This article is an initial reaction of “Coach Prime”‘s move to coach The University Of Colorado football team for the 2023 season. The article provides statements from the university’s athletic director on why Coach Prime was the best choice amongst numerous other candidates. The article also dives into the struggles the program faced with their previous coaching staff.

How I used it: This article initial reaction to Coach Prime’s new gig as head coach for The University Of Colorado will help me explain how Coach Prime was able to drastically increase Jackson State’s success during his short time time there and how high expectations are now that he has moved to another struggling organization but this time on a higher playing field.

Resource: Colorado’s Epic Victory Sets New ESPN Prime Time Viewership Record

Background: This article showcases the University Of Colorado vs Colorado State’s game that shattered ESPN’s viewership records. The game took place September 16 at 10:30p Eastern and lasted til about 2:30a Eastern. The game scored an average of 9.3 million views and topped off at 11.1M, not only a team high but a nationally televised sports network’s viewership record.

How I Used it: Prior to Coach Prime’s arrival Colorado could barely even win a game, since his arrival and the teams success under his leadership more people across the nation are tuning into Colorado’s football games. The game’s ability to break the viewership of arguably the top sports network (ESPN) makes Coach Prime’s case for “best coach” even more prevalent. Being able to attract that much attention on such a wide scale put emphasis on how influential Coach Prime is. If the team wasn’t doing good under his leadership it’s hard to think they would’ve even came close to these numbers. Coach Prime’s influence and The Colorado’s football team’s success has also pulled the attraction of many widely known celebrities. During the game Colorado had hosted the likes of rapper Lil Wayne and Actor (among a plethora of other titles) Dwayne “The Rock” Johnson.

Resource: Bell, J. (2023). “Behind the scenes before Deion’s debut.” USA Today https://go-gale-com.ezproxy.rowan.edu/ps/i.doid=GALE%7CA762976253&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=07347456&p=AONE&sw=w&aty=ip&enforceAuth=true&oweAuth=true&userGroupName=rowan&u=rowan

Background: Coach Prime’s decision to take on the roll of head coach at Colorado took the world by storm. This article highlights the amount of attention brought to the program since his arrival as well as many impactful moves hat he made within the organization before the start of the 2023 season. Article includes conditioning strategies, Roster moves, and morale building.

How I used it: In my writing I briefly used this article to highlight the increased exposure of The Buffs since Coach Prime’s arrival. I also used this article to highlight Coach Prime’s team building techniques, the article mentions Prime’s ideology of putting the team through intensive training prior to the season to test their will, an early dose of adversity.

Resource: Bergkvsit, L., Qiang Zhao, K. (2015, December 26). Celebrity Endorsements: a literature review and research agenda. Routledge https://web-s-ebscohost-com.ezproxy.rowan.edu/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=0&sid=a0fc7d40-2ca9-4a11-89be-c42e99e8d354%40redis

Background: Resource provided is a Literature review and Research agenda of the term “Celebrity Endorsement”

How I used it: Due to their extensive research, authors Bergkvist and Zhao have presented their own definition of the term “Celebrity Endorsement.” Which can be used to describe an element of Coach Prime’s recruitment technique because of his legendary athletic career that differs him from non celebrity recruiters.

Resource: Deion Sanders (2011) – Hall of Fame . National Football Foundation. (2011). https://footballfoundation.org/hof_search.aspx?hof=2313#:~:text=Selected%20fifth%20overall%20in%20the,Washington%20Redskins%20and%20Baltimore%20Ravens. 

Background: This resource from The Football Foundation provides a Collegiate Hall Of Fame profile of Athlete Deion Sanders. The profile includes some of Sanders’ accolades as well as the teams he’s played for during his 14 year NFL career.

How I used it: In my writing I used the info provided from Deion’s Hall of Fame profile to assist me in providing my possibly less sport knowledgeable readers with context of what makes Coach Prime’s legacy such a notable asset for himself and the university in recruitment.

Resource: Jackson State University. (n.d.). https://gojsutigers.com/sports/football/roster/coaches/deion-sanders/219 

Background: Resource used provides a coaching profile of Coach Prime as well as accolades and achievements he obtained during his tenure with the Jackson State Tigers.

How I used it: I used this resource to provide my readers with direct evidence of Coach Prime’s ability to establish a winning culture with emphasis of his powerful recruiting as well as his ability to provide Jackson State with an increased exposure due to his reputation he earned as an athlete.

Resource: Meehan, P., Rigby, D., & Rogerss, P. (2014, August 7). Creating and sustaining a winning culture. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2008/02/creating-and-sustaining-a-winn-1 

Background: The resource used is from the Harvard Business Review, it provides a definition as well as a formula to build and maintain a “Winning Culture” from a business perspective rather than sports.

How I used it: Although the resource appears to approach from a business standpoint I thought it correlated closely with what it takes to build a winning culture within sports. Coach Prime’s actions within both organizations has aligned with many of the “ingredients” from the formula provided from Harvard Business Review .

Resource: Rapp, T. (2023, February 1). Examining Deion Sanders’ 2023 recruiting class in 1st year as Colorado HC. Bleacher Report. https://bleacherreport.com/articles/10063834-examining-deion-sanders-2023-recruiting-class-in-1st-year-as-colorado-hc 

Background: This article from Bleacher Report reflects on Coach Prime’s powerful recruitment ahead of the 2023 season for The Colorado Buffs.

How I used it: I used this resource to highlight Coach Primes consistent ability to pull top rated recruits to yet another struggling low exposure collegiate team in efforts to bring winning to the organization as he did with Jackson State in the previous 3 years.

Resource: VanHaaren, T. (2023, October 4). What it’s like to be recruited by Deion Sanders. ESPN. https://www.espn.com/college-football/story/_/id/38555810/how-deion-sanders-recruits 

Background: This resource reflects on what recruits have experienced as they were being recruited by Coach Prime. The article provides direct quotes from athletes that were actively being recruited as well as athletes that have already signed with the buffs. The article also reflects on Coach Prime’s recruiting results during his time at Jackson State.

How I used it: I used this article to persuade readers that what’s perceived as Coach Prime’s “diva attitude” is what draws and secures many recruits contrary to what some may see as a red flag for the program’s recruiting results.

Resource: Wasserman, A. (2023, November 29). Wasserman: Deion Sanders’ poor recruiting results major issue for Colorado’s build. The Athletic. https://theathletic.com/5094370/2023/11/28/deion-sanders-colorado-recruiting-decommitment/# 

Background: This article critiques Coach Prime’s recruiting ahead of the 2024 season. The article suggests that Coach Prime isn’t invested enough as a coach and stuck in his ways as a celebrity.

How I used it: The author makes claims that Coach Prime’s recruiting techniques will be what stalls the university from further prosperity. The article’s negative view of Coach Prime’s techniques allowed me to provide a rebuttal of why they are more in favor of gaining recruits rather than driving them away.

Resource: Whitley, D. (2023, April 28). Deion Sanders’ football purge at Colorado could use a touch of humanity. Gainesville Sun. https://www.gainesville.com/story/sports/columns/2023/04/28/deion-sanders-guilty-of-unnecessary-roughness-with-colorado-housecleaning/70147949007/ 

Background: This article heavily ridicules Coach Prime’s attitude , recruiting techniques, and roster management.

How I used it: The author’s negative look at how Coach Prime manages his team allowed me to provide a rebuttal for why the author’s analysis of Coach Prime’s actions as head coach of the team may be biased and far too critical.

Proposal:

The focus of my research is the idea of escapism portrayed in TV shows that society watches. Escapism is the tendency to drift off and imagine what your life would be like if one was in that decade. People tend to fantasize about a different when life is not so smooth and want to escape their problems. Escapism is most common when reading books but it could happen when watching a TV show based in the 80’s. With that being explained I am basing my theory on escapism on a popular TV show based on the 80’s called A Different World. I chose to do this show because it has a lot of episodes that are focused on important issues that were enforced in that era. I can relate to the show because they are college students but also same race and relatable teenage issues.

Sources:

Ponsignon, Frédéric, et al. “Why Are International Visitors More Satisfied with the Tourism Experience? The Role of Hedonic Value, Escapism, and Psychic Distance.” Journal of Travel Research, vol. 60, no. 8, 2021, pp. 1771–86, https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287520961175

Background: The article discusses how people from different countries like to tour as foreigners compared to people who live there but still act like tourists. The article calls the tourist who is not familiar with the scenery foreigners. Domestic tourists are familiar with the scenery and are familiar with the ins and outs and do not see the beauty of their country anymore.

How I intend to use it: I intend to use this article to further explain the idea of escapism. When watching or reading a book we prefer to watch something unfamiliar. For example, the eighties is an unfamiliar decade I know nothing of except the stories my family tell me about. I think it’s better to see what it was like than to actually live in that decade.

Hartz, Taylor. “Get Real? Viewers Weigh in on Whether TV Shows Should Reflect COVID and BLM Reality or Should Offer an Escape.” TCA Regional News, Tribune Content Agency LLC, 2020

Background: This article discusses whether to showcase the Pandemic and BLM matters portrayed in TV shows. Writers were having a debate about showing what exactly is going on in the world. In the end, writers decided to show the pandemic in “Grey’s Anatomy”. In the show, Law & Order showed how a caucasian woman called the police on an African-American man bird-watching.

How I intend to use it: I intend to use this article to further explain how escapism can be shown in different ways. Escapism is not only about escaping reality but also showing some part of reality.

For my essay I will be researching the effects of better driving schools to aid in lowering the amount of accidents, causalities, tickets, and inexperienced/bad drivers. My plan is to research the statistics of accidents due to various driver education reasons and other reasons that could also be related to this issue. I would also like to find sources on driving schools that are actively attempting to improve their driving schools in many ways including better teaching, longer lessons, driving simulators, and how other countries compare with their driving education systems. I would also love to run a few tests using my car in real life to attempt to teach people how to drive a manual (also known as Stick-Shift) car and see if over time it improves their control over the car, comfort in the car, and helps them stay focused on the road. I also want to compare it to these new “self driving” cars that we are now introducing.

This is a very common issue these days and I would like to do some research on it. I disagree with how easy it was to get my license and believe this directly relates to the reason we have so many issues on the road with so many hazards and accidents. If we can also reduce the amount of inexperienced and underqualified drivers on the road we can also lower emissions, reduce excess resource use for gas, metal, and many other materials used to create cars; not to mention the plants that produce them also. If we can increase the difficulty of getting a drivers license we can save make the world much safer by saving lives, reducing waste and over overall negative impact on the earth and so much more. I would like to be able to make the world a safer place and reduce this major hazard without getting rid of one of our most crucial forms of transportation.

Sources

Is Driver’s Ed Good Enough? Most Americans Don’t Think So

Background: This article discusses how many Americans agree that the drivers education system is not good enough. They state that the test was “designed to be passed.” Many people claim that they don’t think they even have the experience they think they should have.

How I intend to use it: I Intend to incorporate this article in my essay as a useful tool that was used to interview other people, and to help give a few guidelines on what I think could be useful to create new strategies to improve future driving education.

Development of Advanced Driving Simulator for Driving Schools

Background: This article discusses a lot of things related to all of my points but focuses more on implicating Driving Simulators into driving schools and more tech into drivers education as well. This could also help prepare drivers for many situations that could happen but in a safer environment.

How I intend to use it: I intend to implement this articles points on technology and simulations to strengthen my point on how these simulators may help drivers preparedness and reactions when encountering all of the things that can occur on the road. This way we can reduce the amount of accidents and increase the bar on driving tests to make it a bit more complicated to pass.

Self-Driving Cars: The New Way

Background: This article focuses on the history of cars for the First Chapter but after that moves on to the development of self driving cars. They mention some of the stories behind how we got to where we are now with these self driving cars and what direction they are headed in.

How I intend to use it: I intend to use this article to explain some of the affects of these self driving cars, some things are good and some are bad. But I believe that these cars could also cause much more damage than good if not used responsibly and especially if these cars are taking away from giving drivers the driving experience needed in life. I will also use these examples to show how how easy it is to use these cars to cheat on driving tests and give people who don’t even know how to operate a vehicle access to the road, and if something happens then what?

How Other Countries Learn to Drive

Background: This article explains how other countries are taught to drive and how it compares to our Drivers Education program. It shows how many countries are very strict and heavy when it comes to driving, and how some are not.

How I intend to use it: I would like to use this resource to show the difference of how other countries sometimes have really in depth training with difficult tests and requirements, and how some just require you to pay a small fee to get on the road no matter what experience you have. I think I could strengthen my essay with this resource and how it shows that other countries are getting by with these more difficult ways.

Practical Business Skills for Driving Instructors: How to Set up and Run Your Own Driving School

Background: This is an instructional manual on how to set up a driving school by todays standards. This is a good example of how most schools are set up.

How I intend to use it: I intend to use this resource as an example to compare all of my points to a current day model. This way I have some evidence to back my claims and possibly find flaws in their system or information that school appear to be ignoring completely.

Proposal:

For my research essay, I will examine how video games can be used to reduce real-world violence and be of therapeutic use. People generally feel that video games are the root cause of many issues, While video games have been found to be present in the homes of many people who have committed violent actions they are not the cause. 

Politics have done many negative things to video games, with the fear-mongering that occurs over the news. My sources, however, show that video games have a positive influence on many different people. From the ways that these studies can help people with incurable illnesses to help people connect with themselves and others around them better,

Sources:

1. Full article: Video games as a complementary therapy tool in mental disorders: PlayMancer, a European multicentre study (tandfonline.com)

Background: Video games have been shown to be a great aid in schizophrenic treatments. PlayMancer is a European Union initiative that is used to treat specific mental ailments, A specific game developed by PlayMancer, this game is made up of many different mini-games that have been specifically designed for the different ailments and their studies.

How I will use this: This source can be used to help show how video game research has been slowly coming towards showing how video games are in fact a great way to help people. 

2. Videogames: Dispelling myths and tabloid headlines that videogames are bad – CORE Reader

Background: A Gamer is defined as someone who plays games, whatever way people play games no matter what. This source specifically highlights the social aspect that many games have through things like MMOs and other types of online games in general.

How I will use this: I can use this source to show how the social aspect of video games can be used to help bring people together. The findings of many people report having better friendships online than the ones that they have made in real life and interact with daily. 

3. Blazing Angels or Resident Evil? Can Violent Video Games be a Force for Good? – Christopher J. Ferguson, 2010 (rowan.edu)

Background: Violent video games have been around since the 1970s, while the violence has fluctuated to various degrees. The presence of violence in games has always been a major concern for people and politicians. These concerns stem from the general concern of violent media that has always been present and evolved from comics, movies, and TV. 

How I will use this: The state of research in video game violence is a wild land of the found conclusions. Each study has shown different results, and things like gender control and such can show how the brain stimuli of people vary wildly. The found aggression of people who play games has also been found multiple times to be lower than those who consume violent TV.

4. The Effects of Video Games on Cognition and Brain Structure: Potential Implications for Neuropsychiatric Disorders | SpringerLink (rowan.edu)

Background: This source details the different studies done to see how video games can be of therapeutic use. It has been shown that autistic children have many different benefits like facial memory, response to stimuli, and learning. Video games have a vast use in clinical studies, and they have been shown to change brain structures like how Super Mario 64 affects participants’ grey matter. 

How I will use this: I will use this source to show how video games can be of therapeutic use. The detailing of how VR games can help people with mental disabilities and brain damage is one of the ways that video games can help people. 

5. Virtual Reality in Psychological, Medical and Pedagogical Applications – Google Books

Background: Virtual Reality games have been shown to be great in aiding health in general. Studies have also shown that games can help with the acceptance of mental awareness and the overall 

How I will use this: I can use this source to show how VR games can be used to promote general health in people. The lack of causation between mental illness and video games has been proven. While many people with mental issues have been shown to play games, there is zero proof that these games have caused the illness.

For my research essay, I will be determining why a work week should only consist of 4 days. The 5 day work week is something we are all accustomed to and something we never question. Yet at one point, people would be working for six or seven days a week thinking the same about their work week and never questioning it. Though it’s not regarded as the first widespread use of a 5 day workweek, in 1908, a five day work week was implemented at a New England cotton mill so that Jewish workers would not have to work on the Sabbath. Later on in 1922, Henry Ford would create a 5 day 40 hour work week as a trail of concept, that would later be institutionalized throughout the country with the Fair Labor Standards Act in 1938.

There has never seemingly been an issue with the five day work week since it’s introduction. But now that technology and advancements in society are vastly different than that of the early 20th century, some have started to doubt whether it is necessary to have a five day work week. In recent news, some facilities are even out on strike demanding 4 day work weeks with the same salary and same hour long days, essentially cutting work time and keeping the same benefits. I agree with these people in the regard that this day-in-age, we are able to work less and since the productivity has increased in the last hundred years, still receive the benefits that were previously given while working five days a week.

Source 1 – Hedges, Janice Neipert. “A Look at the 4-Day Workweek.” Monthly Labor Review, vol. 94, no. 10, 1971, pp. 33–37

Background – This source from google scholar is a history and argumentative piece written in 1971 about the 4 day work week. It goes in depth on the topic of why hours of a work day are the way they are and how they have changed throughout the years. It also goes into what appears to be the first years that people have began to push for a 4 day workweek instead of five and pros and cons for either side of the argument.

How I plan to use this – I plan to use the historical evidence given in this paper as grounds for my argument and details that will help in establishing an understanding of my side to the reader. I will use this to dive into the background of the workweek and how it was set up in order to connect it with the changes that should be happening today.

Source 2 – Peirce , Philip S, et al. “The 4-Day Work Week – ProQuest.” Www.proquest.com, 1 Feb. 1974,

Background – This article from google scholar is a case study done by nurses in mental hospitals. In the study, nurses were broken into groups, and divided into seperate wings in the hospital. For one wing, nurses would work regular 5 day 40 hour weeks, and the other would be 4 day 40 hour work weeks. In the study that took place for five month, interesting results came out such as the amount of sick days were taken, overtime done, and performance increases.

How i plan to use it – I plan to use this case study as evidence to strengthen my argument. In the case study, there were enough participants and time for it to be a solid source to refute the other side of the argument and add facts that will back up what I plan to present.

Source 3 – Bird, Robert C. “Four Day Work Week, Old Lessons, New Questions”

Background – This is a paper written in 2009 that goes in depth on the new age style of work and benefits of the shortened work weeks. If brings up the styles of 4/32 and 3/36 style work weeks referring to the days and hours per week. HE goes into the different meanings of 4 day work week and how it could be 4/36 or 4/40 and what people may think is the difference. He then goes into some history and how in the 1700s people would work a 6 day 96 hour work week.

How I plan to use it- I plan to pull information from this paper as I see fit in my paper. If there is something lacking in my paper due to lack of historical evidence, I will be able to refrance back to this article and gather the evidence needed to strengthen my side.

Source 4 – Liu, Jennifer. “Workers Report a 4-Day Workweek Improves Health, Finances and Relationships: It “Simply Makes You Happy.”” CNBC, 24 Feb. 2023,

Background – This article is from CNBC, not from google scholar. This article goes into studies and trials done in the UK in 2022 experimenting with 4 day work weeks. It goes into details such as carbon footprint, workers health and companies level of success while performing in the study. The basis of the study was to work 80 percent of the time while reciving 100 percent of the pay from before and keeping productivity at 100 percent of the previous 5 day work schedule. When the study was over 59 of the 61 companies who participated said they would be continuing the 4 day work schedule.

How I plan to use this – This is the most recent study performed with a vastly large pool of information regarding the benefits of a 4 day work week. I will use the study to go into the modern effects of a 4 day schedule and be able to provide evidence of companies that have and will continue to use this. This will also be able to provide a grounds to the modern workers in america that are on strike to work less while receive the same benefits.

Source 5 – Samuel Crowther “Henry Ford – Why I Favor 5 Days Work with 6 Days Pay”

Background – This was written in 1926 detailing the plan that Henry Ford had set out to create with the five day work week. HE goes into the jobs it will apply to and the workers hours and pay. It is a plan in which he details over every aspect of what he believes the 5 day work week should look like and presented this to the Labor Association which was later published in a lit of proposals of what a shortened work week should consist of at the time.

How I plan to use this – I will use this a baseline of my argument, comparing his thoughts of how a week should be planned out back then to the differences that can be made up due to modern advancement. This will be a good source to further expand on as he was the one proposing a shortened week just as I am. If I can use this to further strengthen my paper, It will be of great use to this paper.

Source 6 – “25+ Warehouse Energy Consumption Statistics – Meteor Space.” Www.meteorspace.com, 5 Jan. 2023, http://www.meteorspace.com/25-warehouse-energy-consumption-statistics-you-need-to-know/.

Background – This article is a general overview of power consumption statistics of many companies throughout the US that use warehoused or other large facilities. It gives percentages in comparison to money spent throughout the year for energy of specific buildings that may be used for large companies.

How I plan to use this – I have used this to further back my claim in which having less work day will greatly reduce the power consumed by a company that operates on a large scale. In doing so, the company would save a substantial amount of money on operating costs due to nearly a quarter reduction of the money spent on electricity.

Source 7 – Vittert, Liberty. “A Four-Day Workweek Would Destroy Everything That Made America Great.” The Hill, 4 Oct. 2023, thehill.com/opinion/finance/4228933-a-four-day-work-week-would-destroy-everything-that-made-america-great/.

Background – This article is one that disputes having a four day work week. In the article, the author goes over a few different scenarios such as the japan economic crisis in the last 1980s and the trial run of a four day work week in Microsoft. The claim of this autho is that ahving a four day work week would cause an influx of companies going bankrupt and overall an economic crisis in the US.

How I plan to use this – I plan to make this my leading claim in the rebuttal argument. I will use the claim that having less work days would cause companies to spiral into a downfall and further cause economic problems as my leading counter than dispute these claims using other articles.

Source 8 – Gatlin-Keener, Courtney, and Ryan Lunsford. Four-Day Workweek: The Microsoft Japan Experience. 2019.

Background – This paper is a detailed analysis on the trial that was run by Microsoft in a Japanese branch. It details the trial very closely, taking in account the financial impact, impact on the workers, and overall impact on the companies ability to operate.

How I plan to use this – I will pull directly from the data presented in this analysis such as price impact and cost saved by decreasing the amount of days spent operating the office. It will be a main counter to that of the previous article claiming a day off would negatively impact the finances of a company.

Source 9 – Orr, Evelyn. “Microsoft’s Latest Innovation: The 4-Day Workweek.” Www.kornferry.com, http://www.kornferry.com/insights/this-week-in-leadership/microsoft-four-day-workweek-employee-engagement.

Background – This article is written from a reporter point of view on that same trial from Microsoft Japan. In the article, it is presented as less of a fact based article while still using the data concluded from the previous analysis. The article allows for the readers speculation on the subject and points them in the direction of the future of the four day work week and how it will progress over time.

How I plan to use this – I will use this to backup the claims of the analysis while gathering multiple sources of the same subject so that the information can be reliably traced and backup further claims that can be drawn from the trial.

Source 10 – Cooper, Kenneth . “The $2,000 Hour: How Managers Influence Project Performance through the Rework Cycle.” Project Management Journal, vol. XXV, no. 1, Mar. 1994.

Background – This article goes over the rework cycle and how important it is to have valuable work time instead of just clocking in and clocking out. It goes over different business models and how someone can work long hours and get no work done and at the same time, someone else can work only a few hours and get a days worth of work done. This is where the 2000 dollar hour comes in to play, as a person is only as valuable as the amount of work they can produce, not so much the amount of time they spent producing that work.

How I plan to use this – I plan to use this as a supporting claim in why working less hours per week will not hinder the production or ability a company has to complete their tasks. It is rarely the case that everyone is working at 100 percent efficiency for the time that they are at work. Along with other supporting evidence, I will use this claim to back the claim of working more efficiently will keep and even further the growth of a company, as less time at work will also motivate the workers to want to stay at that company and continue work there.

Title-K9’s for aiding PTSD veterans and their mental illnesses

How service dogs can play a huge role in battling the symptoms for PTSD veterans.

The focus of my essay will be on the impact that dogs have on our mental health and if they really help. I will also be looking into a more detail version of that which is based on PTSD vets and how service dogs can help them with their disorder. I wanted to take a view into if its better to get service dogs for more severe symptoms of depression or anxiety over just getting any dog.

SOURCES:

“How service dogs can help Veterans with PTSD” K9’s for warriors (April 17 2023)– https://news.va.gov/118407/how-service-dogs-can-help-veterans-with-ptsd/#:~:text=K9s%20For%20Warriors%20is%20the,of%20Veterans%20who%20commit%20suicide.

Background- This article will help me get the overall understanding of my topic for the essay as it provides basic information on how the dogs can help prevent vets from committing suicide from PTSD. It shows how a program by the name of K9s for warriors helps provide these service dogs for vets all over the country. These dogs have a big impact on them as it reduces the amount of medication they need and can help them be calm and get back with their families and enjoyment in life.

How I used it- I used this article in my definition rewrite as it helped me add a few key features that the definition argument was originally missing. It helped give me insights on suicide rates that vets have and medication drop after owning a k9.

“How pets can help us maintain mental health”A. Beetz, K. Uvnas-Moberg, H. Julius, K. Kotrschal (July 9 2012)– https://namica.org/blog/how-dogs-can-help-us-maintain-mental-health/#:~:text=How%20Dogs%20Can%20Help%20with,improve%20your%20all%2Daround%20health.

Background- This source will be key to the overall basis of my essay having to do with mental health and dogs. The article states that studies have shown that’s dogs can decrease the amount of depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness in a person as they are always around you and with you. Petting dogs can have a big impact on your hormones as petting them can release serotonin which helps with your happiness.

How I used it- The article from Namibia.org has lots of valuable studies that will play a big part in my casual and rebuttal arguments as it truly goes into depth of how services affect the mind of a PTSD veteran and the psychological effects they have to a person with a mental illness.

“The Health and mood boosting benefits of pets” L.Robinson, J. Segal (October 2 2023)- https://www.helpguide.org/articles/mental-health/mood-boosting-power-of-dogs.htm

Background- This article shows many studies which help to prove my essay correct with studies on pet owners are less likely to suffer depression. People with pets also have lower blood pressure and heart attack patients survive longer with a pet than without one.

How I used it- I used this article to help me with my causal argument as it speaks on how service dogs can boost dopamine and serotonin therefore boosting your overall happiness and lowering PTSD vets depression and suicidal thoughts.

“Dogs and PTSD” U.S. Department Of Veteran Affairs-https://www.ptsd.va.gov/gethelp/dogs_ptsd.asp

Background- This scholarly source focuses on the simple and basic facts of what a dog can do and its affects on someone with PTSD. They can help the owner get out of the house and feel fun and happiness again also reduce feelings of loneliness. It has a big effect on bringing out feelings of love.

How I used it- I also used this article to help beef up and boost my definition rewrite as I felt it had lots of basic valuable information for my topic. I didn’t cite much from the article but it overall just gave me a good backbone of information to use in my definition rewrite.

“The Impact of Service Dogs on Military Veterans and (Ex) First Aid Responders With Post-traumatic Stress Disorder” Front Psychiatry (May 4 2022)- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9114472/#:~:text=We%20found%20that%20veterans%20and,those%20with%20a%20companion%20dog.

Background- This work goes into the different types of pets and how each of them can help with ptsd but the dog is far superior as it has full affection towards its owner and always looks up to them. It also speaks on the different ways the dogs can be trained as. Like service dogs, therapy dogs, and emotional support animals.

How I used it- This article helped me prove a point in some of my arguments about why a dog is superior to other animals or other medications prescribed for PTSD.

“VA Study Shows Service Dogs Impact Veterans with PTSD Canine Companions® applauds expansion of VA insurance benefits for Veterans” J. Konopelski (March 17 2021)- https://www.proquest.com/docview/2501802103?accountid=13605&parentSessionId=EEyhmWEdF%2F2TDuaIT%2B8EwIiE25fuc2Sy0yezeZJKFbU%3D&pq-origsite=primo

Background- This short yet useful article consists of a small amount of words but says a lot of what exactly service dogs can help with and how they do it. It speaks on how the dogs are trained for specific tasks, tasks like turning on the lights at night which is a mitigating thing for PTSD vets. Also how they create a buffer for when a vet is in public places and might have anxiety or fear.

How I used it- I have used it in my casual argument as it serves a good purpose of explaining the tasks that vets suffer with completing like being in public or sleeping at night and on top of that shows how dogs can help with those issues.

“Assistance dogs for military veterans with PTSD: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-synthesis” National Library Of Medicine (September 21 2022)- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9491613/

Background- This is one of the best articles I managed to find in one of my conferences, it shows tons and tons of data and stats on how service dogs affect PTSD veterans and the different relationships the dog and human can form. It even shows research groups that have gather vets with PTSD and watched and recorded their symptom’s over each week to see if the PTSD symptoms got better.

How I used it- I used this article to help give me a better understanding on the relationships surrounding PTSD vets and service dogs and used it in my 3000 word paper to add onto the 3 arguments and provide a backbone of information on how these relationships affect PTSD symptoms.

“Side-Effects of antidepressants and what they can cause”Mind in the UK (September 2020) https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/drugs-and-treatments/antidepressants/side-effects-of-antidepressants/

Background- The article above was used to show how some PTSD medications can have bad side effects and may even worsen some of the symptoms over a long period of time.

How I used it- This article helped me back up my point on why medications aren’t always the best choice and how service dogs are a far better option. I used it in my rebuttal argument and it provided lots of information surrounding my opinion.

“More veterans with PTSD will soon get help from service dogs. Thank the ‘PAWS’ Act”S. O Niell (November 26 2021) https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/11/26/1045708726/more-veterans-with-ptsd-will-soon-get-help-from-service-dogs-thank-the-paws-act

Background- The article shows how different programs are starting to appear all over the country with helping veterans get service dogs. It’s very similar to the K9’s for Warriors page that also offers service dogs for veterans and explains the stories of other veterans that now own a service dog and how it helps them.

How I used it- I used this article in my research paper to help beef up and talk more on how many programs are staring to allow veterans to get service dogs in their battle with PSTD.

“Military Veterans and Their PTSD Service Dogs: Associations Between Training Methods, PTSD Severity, Dog Behavior, and the Human-Animal Bond” M. LaFollette, N. Ogata, K. Rodriguez, M. O’Haire (February 2019) ://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2019.00023/full

Background- This article helps provide a good explanation on the relationship with veterans and service dogs and dives deep into how these dogs are trained for helping PTSD.

How I used it- I used this article in my research paper as it has really good explanations on the association with service dogs and PTSD veterans and also the training for the dogs.

My essay will be discussing the major differences in new commercial airplanes types and if the switch to new planes causes more accidents. While commercial crashes are rare especially in the United States, due to strict regulation, are we causing more crashes by improving already adequate machines. A particularly interesting part of my argument will be the future in aviation and if the switch to supersonic planes will be over complicated. A recent chain of events with the new Boeing 737 MAX have resulted in 346 deaths because of a new maneuvering characteristics augmentation system (MCAS). My research will focus specifically on the differences between new and old model aircraft’s and the issue with the 737s being upgraded to the 737 MAX.

1. The Federal Aviation Administration CAROL tool

Background: A widespread search engine available to the public for data on plane crashes. It allows you to make specific searches based on the event type, Federal Acquisition Regulation part, phase of flight, damage to aircraft, and highest injury level.

How I will use this: I will filter and sort through the data relevant to my hypothesis to find commercial crashes related to pilot error, specifically inadequate pilot training. It will be difficult to analyze some of this data because of other factors that may have caused the crash. A big question I have been asking myself while starting to read reports is do I include crashes that started with an uncontrollable factor but if the pilot had enough training it would have been fine?

2. The Boeing 737 Operations Manual

How I will use this: I will be analyzing the basics of the Boeing 737 and comparing them to a manual of the 737 MAX. Specifically the general control systems and the MCAS systems.

Background: This contains all the general mechanical rules, it does not delve into more specific in flight directions. It includes information for takeoffs in different scenarios, flight controls, and the different systems inside the plane.

3. The Boeing 737 MAX: Examining the Design, Development, and Marketing of the aircraft.

Background: This is the hearing for the 737 MAX crashes, it was conducted by the Committee on Transportation and infrastructure. They provide evidence and dialogue about the MCAS system and the crashes. The congressmen question Dennis Muilenburg about why the MCAS system was removed from the flight manual.

How I will use this: This will help me gather evidence and even understand the Boeing 737 MAX flights even more. The hearing goes into deep detail on the MCAS system and why it was hidden. This will be helpful because the Boeing 737 was a safe plane without the MCAS so a document like this will aid me in creating my argument.

4. Summary of the FAA’s Review of the Boeing 737 MAX

Background: This is the Federal Aviation Administrations summarized version of its investigation and recommendations for Boeing after the crashes. It does declare that the 737 MAX is safe to fly but it also recognizes the flaws of the system being implemented under the rug.

How I will use this: This will provide evidence and reasoning against my argument to help me develop a stronger idea. But it also will provide a solution to my argument which will aid my conclusion.

I apologize for any vagueness each of these pieces are hundreds of pages long. Thoroughly reading each one is very time consuming.

Proposal: 

     In my research paper, I will be examining the theories and evidence revolving around what happened to the two princes imprisoned in the Tower of London during the reign of Richard III. To provide a brief background: In the year 1483 in England, King Edward IV died. He had two sons, the eldest Edward V (12) and his younger brother Richard Duke of York (9). Upon King Edward’s death, the King’s younger brother Richard III came to England and took control of the English Throne. Not too long after he declared that the two young princes were bastards and had no claim to the throne. He imprisoned them in the tower of London and they were never seen again. 

      There is an apparent divide between historians on this subject matter. Some believe that Richard had the princes murdered in their sleep, while others believe that they were allowed to live under aliases in the countryside as common folk. The more popular belief is that they were murdered in order to strengthen Richard’s claim to the throne, but my sources, and archaeological evidence allow me reason to agree with the opposing side that believes that they were in fact, not murdered.

Sources:

1 – Thornton, T. (2020a, December 28). More on a murder: The deaths of the ‘princes … – wiley online library. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1468-229X.13100  

Background: This source I found on google scholar takes a deeper look into Sir Thomas More’s account of the murder of the Princes in the Tower and whether or not it holds any legitimacy. The source tells me that there were many written accounts of men who took the responsibility of murdering the princes, almost too many to follow the same story and for it to be accurate. Also the methods of murder are all different as well. Some say they were smothered in their sleep, other accounts from the time say they were poisoned. 

How I will use this: I will use this source to allow me to narrow down each and every “confession” and written account of how exactly the princes were murdered and by whom. Multiple different accounts with multiple different stories I believe can aid me in finding possible holes and mistruths in one of the greatest mysteries in history. 

2 – Leslau, J. (1988, December). The princes in the Tower | Moreana. https://www.euppublishing.com/doi/abs/10.3366/more.1988.25.2-3.7 

Background: This source, also found on google scholar, argues that the Princes were in fact not murdered at all. It evaluates historical primary sources such as an interpretation of Sir Thomas More’s manuscript. This source uses a NIET (Negative Intelligence Evaluation Theory) in order to support the claim that the princes were spared and allowed to live under false names.

How I will use this: This will be one of my key sources to aid in my research as the thesis is similar to the thesis that I am also trying to validate in my own research paper. I believe that this source will be able to provide me with a solid foundation in supporting my hypothesis. It will do so by showing me evidence that is, without deviation, correlated in the same direction as my own theory. 

3 – Weir, A. (1994). The princes in the tower. Ballantine Books. 

Background: My third source is a book that provides a different perspective into contemporary evidence and modern accounts pertaining to what actually happened to the princes. It discusses intangible motives and speculations such as rivalries, secret ambitions, and most importantly a struggle for power in the succession of the throne. It is stated that author Alison Weir reconstructs the entire chain of events that could have led up to the prince’s murders.  

How I will use this: This is the first source I have started to really dive into as it is the longest one sitting at a few hundred pages. In my research, I will use this book to compare evidence to my own hypothesis, and also use contrasting claims provided not to weaken my own hypothesis, but to strengthen my own claim. 

4 – Lewis, M. (n.d.). What if the princes in the tower survived into Tudor England?. The History Press. https://www.thehistorypress.co.uk/articles/what-if-the-princes-in-the-tower-survived-into-tudor-england/#:~:text=If%20Henry%20VII%20arrived%20in,the%20rule%20of%20Richard%20III. 

Background: This source looks into the possible relationship between the princes in the tower and Henry VII. It discusses how after Henry was victorious in the War of the Roses, and the princes were in fact not dead, he would have been met with a plethora of issues. Firstly, Edward V (the eldest prince) being the rightful heir to the throne would invoke Yorkist support for the princes and weaken Henry’s (Tudor) claim. This source also discusses Perkin Warbeck the supposed pretender claiming to be the surviving Richard Duke of York (the younger of the two princes).

How I will use this: I will use this source to evaluate what or if Tudor England would have survived or been like if the princes outed themselves as alive or if people knew of their survival. Analyzing how the two young boys would have affected Henry VII can provide me with logical standpoints to protect and defend my claim.

5 – Brigden, J. (n.d.). The mystery of the “princes in the tower”: What really happened? Sky HISTORY TV channel. https://www.history.co.uk/articles/the-mystery-of-the-princes-in-the-tower-what-really-happened 

Background: This source lists every supported theory as to what happened to the princes. There are about five theories it lists with a reasonable amount of following and support. The source, like many others, states how it is a mystery because no remains have been discovered of the two young princes. This source also uses the Shakespearean play Richard III to describe the history of events as well. This source provides convincing evidence for all five of the theories that are really just subsets of the two main theories I previously mentioned.

How I will use this: I will use this source to examine this mystery from every facet that I possibly can. I will analyze how much of a motive did any of the accused killers have and whether or not said motives are enough to incriminate them for the crime. Or perhaps much like my hypothesis states, was there even really a crime committed at all and is it plausible that the princes avoided such a tragic fate. 

6. Unwin, R. (2015). Westminster Bones: The Real Mystery of the Princes in the Tower. Richard Unwin. 

Background: This source provides useful information of the bones that were discovered that supposedly belong to the Princes in the Tower. This source also provides likely (and opinionated) theories as to what happened to the princes in the tower. This book also gives the reader a little bit of insight into Richard III.

How I will use this: I will use this source to provide myself with more information about the discovery of the bones of the princes in the tower and the theories that surround them. This book will aid in adding context to the theories I have thus proposed in my essay and it will also provide me with unique theories I can pull information from in assisting the strength of my thesis.

7. Hollman, G. (2021). Royal Witches: From Joan of Navarre to Elizabeth Woodville. The History Press. 

Background: This source is a book about witches/witchcraft in European royal history. The figure in this book that I will study is Elizabeth Woodville, the mother of the princes in the tower. It is said she was a witch and placed a curse on whoever was guilty of the murder of her sons. This book may gently touch on that subject and provide an interesting (although logically not true) insight into the mother of the princes.

How I will use this: I will use this source simply to learn more about the mother of the princes. It will provide me with a fun theory to possibly use that Elizabeth Woodville practiced witchcraft. I may try and incorporate this into my essay as her “witchcraft” could play a role in the prince’s fates.

8. More, T. (n.d.). The history of king king richard the third – thomas more studies. https://thomasmorestudies.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Richard_III_English_glossed.pdf

Background: This source is a direct account written by Sir Thomas More. It gives a history of Richard III and his reign. This source will aid in my deep dive into Tudor propaganda, medieval court gossip, and political influences of figures such as Thomas More during this time.

How I will use this: Although this source contrasts my views on the subject matter, I will only use it to strengthen my thesis. Sir Thomas More’s accounts possess an inherent bias that I will use to my advantage to further perpetuate my claim that Richard III did not order the deaths of the princes in the tower.

9. Shakespeare, W. (1593). Richard III: Entire play. http://shakespeare.mit.edu/richardiii/full.html

Background: This source is an online link to the entire play of Richard III written by William Shakespeare. This source portrays Richard as a tyrant. It makes him seem power hungry, cruel, and devious. This source contrasts my thesis entirely but again, I will use this as an example of Tudor propaganda that holds a bias against the house of York.

How I will use this: I will use this source to contrast the dark history of Richard III. Although this source portrays Richard III in a negative way, it was written close to 100 years after he passed by a man who didn’t live under his reign. This will help me categorize it into Tudor propaganda that smears Richard III’s name for no good reason at all.

10. Brain, J. (2023, November 21). Lady Margaret Beaufort. Historic UK. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/Lady-Margaret-Beaufort/

Background: This source provides me with information about Lady Margaret Beaufort. She was the mother of King Henry VII, the man who killed Richard III in battle and took the throne. She is a more likely suspect in the murder of the princes in the tower rather than Richard III.

How I will use this: I will use this source to further strengthen my analysis that Margaret Beaufort would have been more likely to murder the princes in the tower instead of King Richard III. This source will provide me with insights about her character and motives for a woman with such political influence during her time.

11. Ward, V. (14 Oct. 2022) Mystery of Princes in the Tower Could Finally Be Solved – with Help from King Charles. The Telegraph, Telegraph Media Group www.telegraph.co.uk/royal-family/2022/10/14/king-charles-rumoured-want-mystery-princes-tower-solved/

Background: This source provides more general information about the princes in the tower. This source also provides information about the current English Royal family and their stance on further exploration into the mystery of the princes in the tower. This source provides historians with hope that we may finally have a true answer with facts to support it as to what happened to the two princes.

How I will use this: I will use this source to support my claim that the royal family is hiding information regarding the fate of the princes in the tower. It is said that the late Queen Elizabeth II refused further exploration but current King Charles seems to be in favor of it. This correlates directly with one of my most prominent claims in my research paper.

12. The mystery of the princes in the tower. TheCollector. (2021, November 3).  https://www.thecollector.com/princes-in-the-tower-mystery/

Background: This source again provides me with more general information about the mystery of the princes in the tower. It gives a brief background of the princes and their lineage, how they were sent to the tower, suspects of the case, Perkin Warbeck the “pretender”, and the bones that were found.

How I will use this source: This source gives extremely useful and helpful information that support almost all of the claims I make in my research position paper. I will use the information about the bones that were found to support my claim that the bones did not belong to the princes and I will also use the list of suspects to rule out Richard III as the prime suspect in this case as well. This source provided me with helpful background information about the prince’s family I will use as well.

13. The Princes in the Tower. Historic Royal Palaces. (n.d.). https://www.hrp.org.uk/tower-of-london/history-and-stories/the-princes-in-the-tower/#gs.00nsg9

Background: This source provides exorbitant amounts of information about the princes in the tower in bite sized pieces. It gives information about important figures around the princes in the tower such as their parents and other family members. This source will provide me with direct quotes I can use in my essay as well.

How I will use this: I will use this source to model my essay. This source provides the story of the princes in the tower in an easy to understand way. This will make it easy for me to use facts I find to strengthen and uphold the claims I will make in my research paper. I will also use direct quotes from this source as well being it provides readers with a few quotes from figures alive during the timeframe of the princes in the tower.

Prolonged exposure to electronic screens can have detrimental effects on physical and mental Health. The overuse of electronics has permeated every aspect of contemporary life. The purpose of this proposal is to look into the possible harm that extended screen time may do to people’s health and wellbeing. Given the growing reliance on computers, tablets, cellphones, and televisions, it is imperative to investigate the effects of this activity.

Association of Digital Media Use With Subsequent Symptoms of ADHD Among Adolescents”: This scholarly investigation explores the relationship between adult psychological well-being and digital media consumption. It looks at the relationship between screen usage and stress levels, mental health, and general wellbeing.

“The Physical Consequences of Extended Screen Time”: This study explores the effects of prolonged screen time on physical health, including the dangers of sedentary behavior, digital eye strain, and possible connections to physical health issues.

“Screen Time and Its Impact on Sleep Quality in Adolescents”: This scholarly source focuses on the connection between teenagers’ screen usage and their quality of sleep.

It examines how excessive gadget use throws off sleep cycles and what effects it has on one’s physical andemotional well-being.

“The Influence of Screen Time on Cognitive Function in Children”:

The effects of screen usage on children’s attention span, memory, and problem-solving skills are investigated in this study. It sheds light on the potential effects of electronic device use on brain development.

“Screen Time Guidelines and Their Efficacy in Promoting Well-being”:

This article examines current recommendations for screen time and how effectively they support wellbeing. It provides a critical evaluation of health organizations’ suggestions and their applicability in the current digital era.

The sources chosen are research that offer empirical evidence and insight into the negative consequences of excessive screen usage. By citing these academic resources, I was able to support the hypothesis that long-term exposure to electronic devices can have adverse effects on people, both in terms of physical and mental health.